Hordeum spp. (barley grass) and Bromus spp. (brome grass) are annual weed species that achieve long‐distance seed dispersal via attachment to sheep, but also lead to sheep carcass damage due to the penetration of seeds into animal tissues. Range expansion of invasive weed populations predicted as a consequence of climate change may be associated with an increase in seed contamination incidence globally. An examination of Australian abattoir data (2006–2012), along with recent weed distribution patterns, indicates carcass contamination was associated with rainfall and abundance of key annual grass weeds, primarily Bromus spp. and Hordeum spp., although other factors may play a contributing role. Significant differences in seed contamination in slaughtered sheep were noted between states and regions, with widespread contamination occurring throughout all agro‐ecological zones. Abattoir, sheep age and sex significantly influenced incidence, with contamination highest in adult males. Incidence increased with mean monthly rainfall, but declined with mean elevation, and significant interactions were noted between mean monthly temperature and state, and between mean elevation and year. Results show the need for vigilant recording of seed injuries in sheep to enhance weed surveillance efforts and effective integrated weed management of contributing annual grass weeds.

中文翻译：

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影响澳大利亚南部绵羊杂草种子传播和相关尸体污染的致病因素

大麦属 （大麦草）和 Bromus spp。（雀麦草）是一年生杂草，通过附着在绵羊身上实现种子的长距离传播，但也会由于种子渗透到动物组织中而导致绵羊尸体受损。由于气候变化而预测的入侵杂草种群的范围扩大可能与全球种子污染发生率的增加有关。对澳大利亚屠宰场数据（2006-2012 年）的检查以及最近的杂草分布模式表明，胴体污染与降雨和主要一年生杂草（主要是 Bromus spp）的丰度有关。和 Hordeum spp.，尽管其他因素可能会起作用。已注意到各州和地区之间在屠宰羊的种子污染方面存在显着差异，所有农业生态区都发生了广泛的污染。屠宰场、羊的年龄和性别对发病率有显着影响，成年雄性的污染最高。发病率随月平均降雨量而增加，但随平均海拔而下降，月平均温度与状态之间以及平均海拔与年份之间存在显着的相互作用。结果表明需要对绵羊的种子损伤进行警惕记录，以加强杂草监测工作和对一年生禾本科杂草进行有效的综合杂草管理。月平均温度与状态之间以及平均海拔与年份之间存在显着的相互作用。结果表明需要对绵羊的种子损伤进行警惕记录，以加强杂草监测工作和对一年生禾本科杂草进行有效的综合杂草管理。月平均温度与状态之间以及平均海拔与年份之间存在显着的相互作用。结果表明需要对绵羊的种子损伤进行警惕记录，以加强杂草监测工作和对一年生禾本科杂草进行有效的综合杂草管理。