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Efficiency of a novel biodegradable pyrolysis liquid‐amended mulch in weed control
Weed Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 , DOI: 10.1111/wre.12411
Marleena Maaria Hagner 1, 2 , Terho Hyvönen 1 , Juha Mikola 2 , Riitta Kemppainen 1 , Bengt Lindqvist 1 , Terhi Suojala‐Ahlfors 3 , Kari Tiilikkala 1
Affiliation  

Agrochemicals and plastics represent a burden on natural ecosystems and there is an urgent need to introduce alternative plant protection measures that have fewer negative impacts on the environment. Replacement of plastic mulches and synthetic pesticides with their biodegradable alternatives offers a way to decrease chemical residues. Pyrolysis liquids (PL) have been suggested as easily degradable and residue‐free herbicides for agriculture. We tested the efficiency of PL (1%–10% of volume) containing peat mulch (PLM) in weed control under glasshouse and field conditions. We also estimated the length of the withdrawal period needed between PLM spreading and sowing/planting for crops and examined the light permeability and effects of PLM on soil temperature. In the glasshouse, the mulch amended with 5%–10% PL inhibited weed germination entirely. In the agricultural field, the number of weeds remained 44%–60% lower under PLM than under the control mulch. In a study performed in a city park, weed cover around the base of trees remained 64%–85% lower under PLM than without a mulch. However, a 7–21 d withdrawal period, depending on crop plant species, is needed to avoid injuring the crops. PLM inhibited sunlight effectively and the effects on soil heat sum across the growing season remained small. The weed‐inhibiting effect of PLM is probably a result of both the PL compounds and the solid cover, formed by the sticky PL and peat fibres, which acts as a mechanical barrier. We conclude that the PLM is a promising alternative to plastic mulches.

中文翻译:

新型可生物降解的热解液改良覆盖物在杂草控制中的效率

农药和塑料是自然生态系统的负担,迫切需要引入对环境的负面影响较小的替代性植物保护措施。用可生物降解的替代品代替塑料覆盖物和合成农药,可以减少化学残留物。热解液(PL)被认为是易于降解且无残留的农业除草剂。在温室和田间条件下,我们测试了控制泥炭覆盖(PLM)的PL(体积的1%–10%)的效率。我们还估计了PLM扩散和农作物播种/播种之间需要的退出期长度,并研究了PLM的透光性和对土壤温度的影响。在温室中,用5%-10%PL改良的覆盖物完全抑制了杂草的发芽。在农业领域,PLM下的杂草数量比对照覆盖下的杂草数量减少了44%–60%。在城市公园中进行的一项研究中,在PLM下,树木覆盖的树木周围的杂草覆盖率比没有覆盖的情况下低64%–85%。但是,根据作物的植物种类,需要7-21 d的停药期,以免伤害作物。PLM有效地抑制了阳光,并且整个生长期对土壤热量总和的影响仍然很小。PLM的杂草抑制作用可能是由于PL化合物和由粘性PL和泥炭纤维形成的固体覆盖物共同作用的结果,该纤维起着机械屏障的作用。我们得出的结论是,PLM是塑料覆盖物的有希望的替代品。在PLM下,树木基部周围的杂草覆盖率比没有覆盖的情况下低64%–85%。但是,根据作物的植物种类,需要7-21 d的停药期,以免伤害作物。PLM有效地抑制了阳光,并且整个生长期对土壤热量总和的影响仍然很小。PLM的杂草抑制作用可能是由于PL化合物和由粘性PL和泥炭纤维形成的固体覆盖物共同作用的结果,该纤维起着机械屏障的作用。我们得出的结论是,PLM是塑料覆盖物的有希望的替代品。在PLM下,树木基部周围的杂草覆盖率比没有覆盖的情况下低64%–85%。但是,根据作物的植物种类,需要7-21 d的停药期,以免伤害作物。PLM有效地抑制了阳光,并且整个生长期对土壤热量总和的影响仍然很小。PLM的杂草抑制作用可能是由于PL化合物和由粘性PL和泥炭纤维形成的固体覆盖物共同作用的结果,该纤维起着机械屏障的作用。我们得出的结论是,PLM是塑料覆盖物的有希望的替代品。PLM有效地抑制了阳光,并且整个生长期对土壤热量总和的影响仍然很小。PLM的杂草抑制作用可能是由于PL化合物和由粘性PL和泥炭纤维形成的固体覆盖物共同作用的结果,该纤维起着机械屏障的作用。我们得出的结论是,PLM是塑料覆盖物的有希望的替代品。PLM有效地抑制了阳光,并且整个生长期对土壤热量总和的影响仍然很小。PLM的杂草抑制作用可能是由于PL化合物和由粘性PL和泥炭纤维形成的固体覆盖物共同作用的结果,该纤维起着机械屏障的作用。我们得出的结论是,PLM是塑料覆盖物的有希望的替代品。
更新日期:2020-03-10
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