We investigated the distribution of 18 elements including non-volatiles (Al, P, Ca, Fe, Mg, K, Mn, Cu, Na, Cr, and Ni), semi-volatiles (Zn, Pb, Ag, As, and Cd), and volatiles (Hg and S) and compared their behaviors in two types of full-scale sewage sludge mono-incinerators, namely, a step-grate stoker (GS) and two fluidized bed incinerators (F-types), with the same feed sludge. Most of the non-volatile elements were enriched five-fold in all incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA), while the volatile S and Hg were barely enriched in ash due to the combustion components generated in the gas phase. While the semi-volatile elements were also enriched five-fold in the F-types, a different enrichment behavior was observed in the GS. Boiler and multi-cyclone dust in the GS showed higher enrichments of Pb and Cd compared to ash due to the combined effects of lower temperature and smaller particle size. Compared to the F-types, the GS generated ashes with lower toxicity as the major component (99.7%) and hazardous dust as the minor component. In the future, more attention should be paid to grate stokers in terms of recycling ISSA.

我们研究了18种元素的分布，包括非挥发性物质（Al，P，Ca，Fe，Mg，K，Mn，Cu，Na，Cr和Ni），半挥发性物质（Zn，Pb，Ag，As和Cd ），挥发物（Hg和S）并比较了它们在两种类型的全尺寸污泥单焚化炉中的行为，即阶梯式炉渣焚化炉（GS）和两个流化床焚化炉（F型）饲料污泥。大多数非挥发性元素在所有焚化的污水污泥灰（ISSA）中富集了五倍，而挥发性S和Hg由于气相中产生的燃烧成分而几乎不富集灰。虽然半挥发性元素在F型中也富集了五倍，但在GS中观察到了不同的富集行为。GS中的锅炉和多旋风粉尘比灰分显示出更高的Pb和Cd富集度，这是由于较低的温度和较小的粒径共同作用的结果。与F型相比，GS产生的灰烬以较低的毒性为主要成分（99.7％），而有害粉尘为次要成分。将来，应该在回收ISSA方面更加关注炉排炉排。