An adjuvant is an immunological or pharmacological substance or group of substances that can be added to a given agent to enhance its effect in terms of efficacy, effectiveness and potency. Different mechanisms have been hypothesized underlying the action of the adjuvant, including boosting immune (innate and adaptive) response: this generally results in sparing the necessary amount of the agent and can potentially reduce the frequency of the needed number of therapeutic interventions. Adjuvants can be commonly found in vaccines, immunization products, mineral oils, cosmetics, silicone breast implants and other therapeutic/medical devices, being usually safe and effective. However, in a fraction of genetically susceptible and predisposed subjects, the administration of adjuvants may lead to the insurgence of serious side-effects, called "autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome by adjuvants" (ASIA) or Shoenfeld's syndrome. The present review is aimed at focusing on the "endocrine pebbles" of the mosaic of autoimmunity and of the ASIA syndrome, collecting together 54 cases of sub-acute thyroiditis, 2 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 11 cases of primary ovarian failure/primary ovarian insufficiency, 13 cases of autoimmune diabetes type 1, and 1 case of autoimmune adrenal gland insufficiency occurred after exposure to adjuvants.

中文翻译：

---

亚洲综合症和内分泌自身免疫性疾病。

佐剂是一种免疫学或药理学物质或一组物质，可以添加到给定的药剂中以增强其功效，效力和效力。已假设佐剂作用的不同机制，包括增强免疫（先天和适应性）应答：通常导致节省必要量的药物，并可能减少所需的治疗干预次数。佐剂通常可以安全有效地用于疫苗，免疫产品，矿物油，化妆品，硅树脂乳房植入物和其他治疗/医疗器械中。但是，在一部分遗传易感和易感人群中，佐剂的使用可能会导致严重的副作用，称为“