The intestine is an essential physical and immunological barrier comprised of a monolayer of diverse and specialized epithelial cells that perform functions ranging from nutrient absorption to pathogen sensing and intestinal homeostasis. The intestinal barrier prevents translocation of intestinal microbes into internal compartments. The microbiota is comprised of a complex community largely populated by diverse bacterial species that provide metabolites, nutrients, and immune stimuli that promote intestinal and organismal health. Although commensal organisms promote health, enteric pathogens, including a diverse plethora of enteric viruses, cause acute and chronic diseases. The barrier epithelium plays fundamental roles in immune defenses against enteric viral infections by integrating diverse signals, including those from the microbiota, to prevent disease. Importantly, many model systems have contributed to our understanding of this complex interface. This review will focus on the antiviral mechanisms at play within the intestinal epithelium and how these responses are shaped by the microbiota.

中文翻译：

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使用不同的模型系统来定义肠道上皮对肠道病毒感染的防御能力。

肠是必不可少的物理和免疫屏障，由单层的多样化和专门化的上皮细胞组成，其功能范围从营养吸收到病原体感测和肠道稳态​​。肠屏障可防止肠道微生物移位进入内部隔室。微生物群由复杂的群落组成，该群落主要由各种细菌组成，这些细菌提供代谢产物，营养物质和免疫刺激，从而促进肠道和机体健康。尽管共生生物促进健康，但肠道病原体（包括多种多样的肠病毒）会引起急性和慢性疾病。屏障上皮细胞通过整合多种信号（包括来自微生物群的信号），在针对肠道病毒感染的免疫防御中起着基本作用 预防疾病。重要的是，许多模型系统为我们对这种复杂界面的理解做出了贡献。这篇综述将集中在肠道上皮细胞中发挥作用的抗病毒机制，以及微生物群如何塑造这些反应。