Tantalum possesses remarkable chemical and mechanical properties, and thus it is considered to be one of the next generation implant materials. However, the biological properties of tantalum remain to be improved for its use in tissue engineering applications. To enhance its cellular interactions, implants made of tantalum could be modified to obtain nanofeatured surfaces via the electrochemical anodization process. In this study, anodization parameters were adjusted to obtain a nanoporous surface morphology on tantalum surfaces and systematically altered to control the pore sizes from 25 to 65 nm using an aqueous HF:H₂SO₄ electrolyte. Results indicated the formation of Ta₂O₅‐based nanoporous surface layers, which had up to 28% more surface area and increased nanophase roughness (more than twofolds) compared to nonporous tantalum upon the anodization. It was observed that the nanoporous tantalum oxide surfaces promoted nearly 25% more fibroblast proliferation at 5 days in vitro and 15.5% more cellular spreading. Thus, nanoporous tantalum oxide surfaces can be used to increase biological interactions of the cells and provide a means of improving bioactivity of tantalum for biomaterial applications.

中文翻译：

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纳米多孔氧化钽的制备和细胞相互作用。

钽具有卓越的化学和机械性能，因此被认为是下一代植入材料之一。然而，钽在组织工程应用中的生物学特性仍有待改进。为了增强其细胞相互作用，可以修改由钽制成的植入物，以通过电化学阳极氧化过程获得纳米特征表面。在这项研究中，阳极氧化参数被调整以获得钽表面上的纳米多孔表面形态，并系统地改变以使用水性 HF:H ₂ SO ₄电解质将孔径控制在 25 至 65 nm 。结果表明形成了 Ta ₂ O ₅基于纳米多孔表面层，与阳极氧化后的无孔钽相比，其表面积增加了 28%，纳米相粗糙度增加了 2 倍以上。据观察，纳米多孔氧化钽表面在体外5 天时促进了近 25% 的成纤维细胞增殖和 15.5% 的细胞扩散。因此，纳米多孔氧化钽表面可用于增加细胞的生物相互作用，并为生物材料应用提供提高钽的生物活性的手段。