In contrast to stress-induced macroautophagy/autophagy that happens during nutrient deprivation and other environmental challenges, basal autophagy is thought to be an important mechanism that cells utilize for homeostatic purposes. For instance, basal autophagy is used to recycle damaged and malfunctioning organelles and proteins to provide the building blocks for the generation of new ones throughout life. In addition, specialized autophagic processes, such as lipophagy, the autophagy-induced breakdown of lipid droplets (LDs), and glycophagy (breakdown of glycogen), are employed to maintain proper energy levels in the cell. The importance of autophagy in the regulation of stem cell behavior has been the focus of recent studies. However, the upstream signals that control autophagic activity in stem cells and the precise role of autophagy in stem cells are only starting to be elucidated. In a recent publication, we described how the Egfr (epidermal growth factor receptor) pathway stimulates basal autophagy to support the maintenance of somatic cyst stem cells (CySCs) and to control lipid levels in the Drosophila testis.

中文翻译：

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EGFR信号传导促进果蝇睾丸中脂质稳态和基础干细胞的基础自噬。

与在营养缺乏和其他环境挑战期间发生的压力诱导的宏观自噬/自噬相反，基础自噬被认为是细胞用于体内平衡的重要机制。例如，基础自噬被用于回收受损的和有故障的细胞器和蛋白质，从而为生命中的新细胞生成提供基础。另外，采用专门的自噬过程，例如脂质吞噬，脂滴（LDs）的自噬诱导的分解以及糖吞噬（糖原的分解），以维持细胞中适当的能量水平。自噬在调节干细胞行为中的重要性一直是最近研究的重点。然而，只是开始阐明了控制干细胞自噬活性的上游信号以及自噬在干细胞中的确切作用。在最近的出版物中，我们描述了Egfr（表皮生长因子受体）途径如何刺激基础自噬，以支持体囊肿干细胞（CySCs）的维持并控制果蝇睾丸中的脂质水平。