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Metallomics reveals a persisting impact of cadmium on the evolution of metal-selective snail metallothioneins.
Metallomics ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 , DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00259f Reinhard Dallinger 1 , Oliver Zerbe , Christian Baumann , Bernhard Egger , Mercé Capdevila , Òscar Palacios , Ricard Albalat , Sara Calatayud , Peter Ladurner , Birgit C Schlick-Steiner , Florian M Steiner , Veronika Pedrini-Martha , Reinhard Lackner , Herbert Lindner , Martin Dvorak , Michael Niederwanger , Raimund Schnegg , Silvia Atrian
Metallomics ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 , DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00259f Reinhard Dallinger 1 , Oliver Zerbe , Christian Baumann , Bernhard Egger , Mercé Capdevila , Òscar Palacios , Ricard Albalat , Sara Calatayud , Peter Ladurner , Birgit C Schlick-Steiner , Florian M Steiner , Veronika Pedrini-Martha , Reinhard Lackner , Herbert Lindner , Martin Dvorak , Michael Niederwanger , Raimund Schnegg , Silvia Atrian
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The tiny contribution of cadmium (Cd) to the composition of the earth's crust contrasts with its high biological significance, owing mainly to the competition of Cd with the essential zinc (Zn) for suitable metal binding sites in proteins. In this context it was speculated that in several animal lineages, the protein family of metallothioneins (MTs) has evolved to specifically detoxify Cd. Although the multi-functionality and heterometallic composition of MTs in most animal species does not support such an assumption, there are some exceptions to this role, particularly in animal lineages at the roots of animal evolution. In order to substantiate this hypothesis and to further understand MT evolution, we have studied MTs of different snails that exhibit clear Cd-binding preferences in a lineage-specific manner. By applying a metallomics approach including 74 MT sequences from 47 gastropod species, and by combining phylogenomic methods with molecular, biochemical, and spectroscopic techniques, we show that Cd selectivity of snail MTs has resulted from convergent evolution of metal-binding domains that significantly differ in their primary structure. We also demonstrate how their Cd selectivity and specificity has been optimized by the persistent impact of Cd through 430 million years of MT evolution, modifying them upon lineage-specific adaptation of snails to different habitats. Overall, our results support the role of Cd for MT evolution in snails, and provide an interesting example of a vestigial abiotic factor directly driving gene evolution. Finally, we discuss the potential implications of our findings for studies devoted to the understanding of mechanisms leading to metal specificity in proteins, which is important when designing metal-selective peptides.
中文翻译：
冶金学揭示了镉对金属选择性蜗牛金属硫蛋白的演变的持续影响。
镉（Cd）对地壳成分的微小贡献与其高生物学意义相反，这主要是由于镉与必需锌（Zn）竞争蛋白质中合适的金属结合位点所致。在这种情况下，据推测，在几种动物谱系中，金属硫蛋白（MTs）的蛋白质家族已进化为可对Cd进行特异性排毒。尽管大多数动物物种中MT的多功能性和异金属成分均不支持这种假设，但该角色还是有一些例外，尤其是在动物进化起源的动物谱系中。为了证实这一假设并进一步了解MT进化，我们研究了不同蜗牛的MT，它们以谱系特异性方式表现出明显的Cd结合偏好。通过应用包括47种腹足纲物种的74个MT序列的金属组学方法，以及将植物学方法与分子，生化和光谱技术相结合，我们显示了蜗牛MT的Cd选择性是由于金属结合域的趋同演化而引起的，两者之间存在显着差异。他们的主要结构。我们还展示了Cd在4.3亿年的MT进化过程中如何通过Cd的持续影响来优化其Cd的选择性和特异性，并根据蜗牛针对不同栖息地的特定于世系的适应性对其进行修饰。总的来说，我们的研究结果支持了镉在蜗牛中MT进化中的作用，并提供了一个有趣的残余非生物因子直接驱动基因进化的例子。最后，
更新日期：2020-03-10
中文翻译：
冶金学揭示了镉对金属选择性蜗牛金属硫蛋白的演变的持续影响。
镉（Cd）对地壳成分的微小贡献与其高生物学意义相反，这主要是由于镉与必需锌（Zn）竞争蛋白质中合适的金属结合位点所致。在这种情况下，据推测，在几种动物谱系中，金属硫蛋白（MTs）的蛋白质家族已进化为可对Cd进行特异性排毒。尽管大多数动物物种中MT的多功能性和异金属成分均不支持这种假设，但该角色还是有一些例外，尤其是在动物进化起源的动物谱系中。为了证实这一假设并进一步了解MT进化，我们研究了不同蜗牛的MT，它们以谱系特异性方式表现出明显的Cd结合偏好。通过应用包括47种腹足纲物种的74个MT序列的金属组学方法，以及将植物学方法与分子，生化和光谱技术相结合，我们显示了蜗牛MT的Cd选择性是由于金属结合域的趋同演化而引起的，两者之间存在显着差异。他们的主要结构。我们还展示了Cd在4.3亿年的MT进化过程中如何通过Cd的持续影响来优化其Cd的选择性和特异性，并根据蜗牛针对不同栖息地的特定于世系的适应性对其进行修饰。总的来说，我们的研究结果支持了镉在蜗牛中MT进化中的作用，并提供了一个有趣的残余非生物因子直接驱动基因进化的例子。最后，
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