Abstract

Summary

It is unknown whether a relationship exists between bone mineral density (BMD) and atherosclerosis with or without vascular calcification. In our study, a negative correlation between carotid atherosclerosis and BMD was found in female T2DM patients with vascular calcification, but not in those without calcification and males.

Introduction

Atherosclerosis is considered associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). However, most previous studies focus on patients with arterial atherosclerosis with vascular calcification. It is still unknown whether a relationship exists between atherosclerosis and BMD in patients without calcification. It is also unknown if sex plays a role in this relationship.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study, which included 1459 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (648 males ≥ 50 years old, and 811 postmenopausal females). They were assigned to three groups: group 1 (patients without carotid plaques and without carotid calcification), group 2 (patients with carotid plaques but without carotid calcification), and group 3 (patients with carotid plaques and with carotid calcification). Clinical characteristics and BMD were compared. The relationship between atherosclerosis and BMD was determined by binary logistic regression analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0.

Results

Significant differences were only observed in women. The percentage of osteoporosis was higher in group 3 (43.64%) than in groups 1 (34.82%) and 2 (32.14%) (P = 0.016). Low BMD was found in the lumbar (P = 0.032), hip (P < 0.001), and femoral neck (P < 0.001). The odds ratio for osteoporosis increased significantly in a score-dependent manner in postmenopausal female patients with calcified atherosclerosis, but not in uncalcified patients. In men, no differences or relationships were identified.

Conclusion

A negative correlation between carotid atherosclerosis and BMD was found in female T2DM patients with vascular calcification, but not in those without calcification. A similar relationship was not observed in male patients with or without calcification. Thus, the relationship between atherosclerosis and bone mineral density in patients with type 2 diabetes depends on vascular calcifications and sex.

中文翻译：

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2型糖尿病患者的动脉粥样硬化与骨矿物质密度之间的关系取决于血管钙化和性别

摘要

概要

尚不清楚骨矿物质密度（BMD）与有或没有血管钙化的动脉粥样硬化之间是否存在关系。在我们的研究中，在患有血管钙化的女性T2DM患者中发现了颈动脉粥样硬化与BMD之间的负相关，而在没有钙化的男性和男性中则没有发现。

介绍

动脉粥样硬化被认为​​与低骨密度（BMD）有关。但是，大多数先前的研究集中于伴有血管钙化的动脉粥样硬化患者。尚无钙化患者的动脉粥样硬化与骨密度之间是否存在关系尚不清楚。性别在这种关系中是否起作用也未知。

方法

我们进行了一项回顾性横断面研究，其中包括1459名2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者（648≥50岁的男性和811绝经后的女性）。他们分为三组：第1组（无颈动脉斑块且无颈动脉钙化的患者），第2组（有颈动脉斑块但无颈动脉钙化的患者）和第3组（有颈动脉斑块且有颈动脉钙化的患者）。比较临床特征和骨密度。通过二元逻辑回归分析确定动脉粥样硬化与骨密度之间的关系。使用SPSS 25.0进行统计分析。

结果

仅在女性中观察到显着差异。第3组的骨质疏松百分比（43.64％）高于第1组（34.82％）和第2组（32.14％）（P  = 0.016）。在腰部（P  = 0.032），髋部（P  <0.001）和股骨颈（P  <0.001）发现BMD低。在绝经后患有钙化动脉粥样硬化的女性患者中，骨质疏松的优势比以得分依赖的方式显着增加，但在未钙化患者中则没有。在男性中，未发现差异或关系。

结论

在患有血管钙化的女性T2DM患者中，发现颈动脉粥样硬化与BMD之间呈负相关，而在没有钙化的女性中则没有。在有或没有钙化的男性患者中未观察到类似的关系。因此，2型糖尿病患者的动脉粥样硬化与骨矿物质密度之间的关系取决于血管钙化和性别。