Theoretical explanation of rock cutting mechanism with a conical pick is a very difficult task due to inherent complexities in the cutting action. Furthermore, previous studies evidently showed that theoretical models have difficulties on estimating the cutting force accurately. The empiricism seems as the only option for proposing a general force estimation equation with considering the strength of rock, the geometry of tool and the geometry of cutting action. Based on this context, a detailed analysis of conical pick cutting mechanism was performed to demonstrate challenges of the theoretical explanation. Afterwards, present conical pick cutting data, which have been published so far, were compiled including 165 cutting test results of 47 different materials including rocks, ores, coals and artificial rocks with considering the brittleness ( σ c / σ t ) of the materials. As an initial step, a general trend between the cutting force and the rock strength was explored. Afterwards, a theoretical rake angle function which had been, formerly, proposed for chisel picks was assigned to explain the trend between the cutting force and the rake angle. Furthermore, a back-clearance angle correction function was assigned to the model to reflect the actual cutting conditions. Besides, a universal ratio of maximum cutting force to mean cutting force ( k ) was investigated through the entire data by considering the probability distribution of experimental results. As a result of this effort, it was discovered that k = 2.45 for conical picks and k is independent of tool geometry and rock properties. The final versions of the proposed models were utilized to compare the estimated and the experimental cutting force. The results from these comparisons have led to a conclusion that the models successfully estimate the cutting force and capture the overall trend between the cutting force and the cutting depth. From a practical standpoint, proposed models might be used for computation of the torque and the power requirements of partial-face excavation machines such as roadheaders which are widely employed in mining and tunnelling practices.

中文翻译：

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锥形截齿的一般半理论模型

由于切割动作固有的复杂性，用锥形镐进行岩石切割机制的理论解释是一项非常困难的任务。此外，先前的研究显然表明，理论模型难以准确估计切削力。经验主义似乎是提出考虑岩石强度、刀具几何形状和切削作用几何形状的一般力估计方程的唯一选择。基于此背景，对锥形截齿机构进行了详细分析，以证明理论解释的挑战。之后，对目前已发表的锥齿截齿数据进行了整理，包括岩石、矿石、矿石等 47 种不同材料的 165 次切削试验结果。考虑到材料的脆性 (σ c / σ t )，煤和人造岩石。作为第一步，探索了切削力和岩石强度之间的总体趋势。然后，分配了以前为凿子提出的理论前角函数来解释切削力和前角之间的趋势。此外，为模型分配了后间隙角校正功能，以反映实际切削条件。此外，通过考虑实验结果的概率分布，通过整个数据研究了最大切削力与平均切削力 (k) 的普遍比值。作为这项努力的结果，我们发现圆锥截齿的 k = 2.45，并且 k 与刀具几何形状和岩石特性无关。所提出模型的最终版本被用来比较估计的和实验的切削力。这些比较的结果得出的结论是，这些模型成功地估计了切削力并捕获了切削力和切削深度之间的总体趋势。从实用的角度来看，建议的模型可用于计算局部工作面挖掘机（例如广泛用于采矿和隧道施工的掘进机）的扭矩和功率要求。