Recent growth of investments in wind energy and power industries has increased concerns about the associated adverse impacts on wildlife. In particular, flying vertebrates are especially at risk, both directly, through an extra mortality rate due to collision with turbines and electrocution, and indirectly through habitat loss or fragmentation. In this study, we propose a modelling approach that combines species distribution models and data managed in geographic information systems to predict and quantify the effects of wind turbines and power lines on the breeding habitat of a soaring migratory bird, the black stork Ciconia nigra, in Italy. The species is recolonizing the country, where it had been driven to extinction in the Middle Age by human persecution. Today, infrastructures such as those considered in our study might in fact hamper this recolonization. Our results show a high probability of presence of the species in several areas in Italy. The most important variables in influencing habitat suitability for C. nigra are the mean temperature of May followed by the distance from urban areas, inland wetlands and hydrographic network. Exposure to wind turbine collision and electrocution resulted to be potentially high. In particular, in Northern Italy the main potential risk of mortality for C. nigra is posed by power lines, whereas in southern regions the species might be mostly threatened by wind turbines. Our approach makes it possible to detect suitable areas that, although not yet colonized by the species, would imply a high mortality risk should the species colonize them in the future. The tool we provide may therefore prove useful to conservationists and landscape planners in order to mitigate the impact of human infrastructures on this species and encourage a more sustainable planning.

最近在风能和电力行业投资的增长使人们越来越担心对野生生物的相关不利影响。尤其是飞行中的脊椎动物，尤其是直接处于危险之中，既有由于与涡轮机碰撞和触电致死而导致的额外死亡率增加，也有因栖息地丧失或破碎而间接造成的危险。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种建模方法，该方法将物种分布模型和地理信息系统中管理的数据相结合，以预测和量化风力涡轮机和电力线对高飞候鸟黑鹳Ciconia nigra的繁殖栖息地的影响， 在意大利。该物种正在重新定居该国，该国在中世纪曾因人类的迫害而绝种。今天，我们研究中考虑的基础设施实际上可能会阻碍这种重新殖民化。我们的结果表明该物种在意大利多个地区的存在可能性很高。影响黑线虫栖息地适宜性的最重要变量是5月的平均温度，其次是距市区，内陆湿地和水文网络的距离。导致风力涡轮机碰撞和触电的风险可能很高。特别是在意大利北部，黑衣藻死亡的主要潜在风险由电力线构成，而在南部地区，该物种可能主要受到风力涡轮机的威胁。我们的方法使得有可能发现合适的区域，尽管该区域尚未被该物种殖民，但如果该物种将来将其殖民，这将意味着很高的死亡风险。因此，我们提供的工具可能对保护主义者和景观规划师有用，以减轻人类基础设施对该物种的影响并鼓励进行更可持续的规划。