Hierarchy in Metal–Organic Frameworks,ACS Central Science

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Hierarchy in Metal–Organic Frameworks
ACS Central Science ( IF 12.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 , DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00158
Liang Feng ₁ , Kun-Yu Wang ₁ , Jeremy Willman ₁ , Hong-Cai Zhou _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Sequence-defined nucleic acids and proteins with internal monomer sequences and arrangement are vital components in the living world, as a result of billions of years of molecular evolution. These natural hierarchical systems have inspired researchers to develop artificial hierarchical materials that can mimic similar functions such as replication, recognition, and information storage. In this Outlook, we describe the conceptual introduction of hierarchy into the design of metal–organic framework (MOF) materials. Starting with a history and background of hierarchical MOF synthesis and applications, we discuss further mesoscopic assembly strategies of MOF crystallites into hierarchical primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary architectures. This is followed by a highlight of the utilization of modular total synthesis for crafting MOFs with hierarchical compositions. The multiscale control over hierarchical MOF architecture formation can be rationally achieved by designing stepwise synthetic routes based on the knowledge from various fields including coordination chemistry, organic chemistry, reticular chemistry, and nanoscience. Altogether, this outlook is expected to shed light on these essential but embryonic materials and might offer inspiration for the development of the next generation of smart MOF materials with controllable heterogeneity and tailorable architectures.

中文翻译：

金属有机框架的层次结构

具有内部单体序列和排列的序列定义的核酸和蛋白质是生命世界的重要组成部分，是数十亿年分子进化的结果。这些自然的分层系统激发了研究人员开发人工分层材料，这些材料可以模仿类似的功能，例如复制、识别和信息存储。在本展望中，我们描述了将层次结构概念引入金属有机框架（MOF）材料的设计中。我们从分级 MOF 合成和应用的历史和背景开始，进一步讨论 MOF 微晶分级一级、二级、三级和四级结构的介观组装策略。接下来的亮点是利用模块化全合成来制作具有分层组合物的 MOF。基于配位化学、有机化学、网状化学和纳米科学等多个领域的知识，通过设计逐步合成路线，可以合理地实现对分级MOF结构形成的多尺度控制。总而言之，这一前景有望揭示这些重要但处于萌芽阶段的材料，并可能为开发具有可控异质性和可定制架构的下一代智能 MOF 材料提供灵感。

更新日期：2020-03-26

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