Nutrient dynamics in storage organs is a complex developmental process that requires coordinated interactions of environmental, biochemical, and genetic factors. Although sink organ developmental events have been identified, understanding of translational and post-translational regulation of reserve synthesis, accumulation, and utilization in legumes is limited. To understand nutrient dynamics during embryonic and cotyledonary photoheterotrophic transition to mature and germinating autotrophic seeds, an integrated proteomics and phosphoproteomics study in six sequential seed developmental stages in chickpea is performed. MS/MS analyses identify 109 unique nutrient-associated proteins (NAPs) involved in metabolism, storage and biogenesis, and protein turnover. Differences and similarities in 60 nutrient-associated phosphoproteins (NAPPs) containing 93 phosphosites are compared with NAPs. Data reveal accumulation of carbon-nitrogen metabolic and photosynthetic proteoforms during seed filling. Furthermore, enrichment of storage proteoforms and protease inhibitors is associated with cell expansion and seed maturation. Finally, combined proteoforms network analysis identifies three significant modules, centered around malate dehydrogenase, HSP70, triose phosphate isomerase, and vicilin. Novel clues suggest that ubiquitin-proteasome pathway regulates nutrient reallocation. Second, increased abundance of NAPs/NAPPs related to oxidative and serine/threonine signaling indicates direct interface between redox sensing and signaling during seed development. Taken together, nutrient signals act as metabolic and differentiation determinant governing storage organ reprogramming.

中文翻译：

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集成的种子蛋白质组和磷酸蛋白质组分析揭示了鹰嘴豆营养动力学，碳氮分配和氧化信号之间的相互作用。

储存器官中的营养动力学是一个复杂的发展过程，需要环境，生化和遗传因素之间协调的相互作用。尽管已经确定了下沉器官的发育事件，但是对豆类储藏区合成，积累和利用的翻译和翻译后调控的理解是有限的。为了了解在胚和子叶光异养向成熟和发芽的自养种子过渡过程中的营养动态，在鹰嘴豆的六个连续种子发育阶段进行了蛋白质组学和磷酸化蛋白质组学的综合研究。MS / MS分析确定了109种独特的营养相关蛋白（NAP），它们参与了代谢，存储和生物发生以及蛋白更新。将60种含有93个磷酸位的营养相关磷蛋白（NAPP）的差异和相似性与NAP进行了比较。数据揭示了种子填充过程中碳氮代谢和光合蛋白形式的积累。此外，贮存蛋白和蛋白酶抑制剂的富集与细胞扩增和种子成熟有关。最后，结合蛋白形式的网络分析确定了三个重要的模块，分别围绕苹果酸脱氢酶，HSP70，磷酸三糖异构酶和丝胶蛋白。新的线索表明，泛素-蛋白酶体途径调节营养物的重新分配。其次，与氧化和丝氨酸/苏氨酸信号转导相关的NAP / NAPP数量的增加表明种子发育过程中氧化还原感测和信号转导之间的直接界面。在一起