当前位置: X-MOL 学术Surv. Geophys. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Elastic Least-Squares Imaging in Tilted Transversely Isotropic Media for Multicomponent Land and Pressure Marine Data
Surveys in Geophysics ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s10712-020-09588-3
Jidong Yang , Biaolong Hua , Paul Williamson , Hejun Zhu , George McMechan , Jianping Huang

Traditional elastic reverse-time migration (RTM) involves P-/S-wave separation for the source and receiver wavefields, followed by applying the zero-lag cross-correlation imaging condition to produce PP and PS images. In anisotropic media, P-/S-wave decomposition requires a higher memory and computational cost than that in isotropic media. In addition, finite acquisition apertures and band-limited source functions result in unsatisfactory resolutions and amplitudes. To mitigate these problems, we present an elastic least-squares imaging method for tilted transversely isotropic media and apply it to land multicomponent and marine pressure data. Unlike traditional RTM, we use the relative perturbations to the product of density and squared axial (compressional/shear) velocities as reflectivity models ( $$\Delta \ln{C}_{33}$$ Δ ln C 33 and $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 55 ), and estimate them by solving a linear inverse problem. Numerical experiments illustrate that subsurface reflectors can be well resolved in adjoint images for land multicomponent data, because of the presence of both P- and S-waves in seismograms. Least-squares migration helps to further improve spatial resolution and image amplitudes. Since there are no direct S-waves in marine streamer data, adjoint RTM images of $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 55 are mainly resolved with the converted S-waves and are not as good as those in $$\Delta \ln{C}_{33}$$ Δ ln C 33 images. By approximating the Hessian inverse, least-squares migration allows us to take advantage of the weak converted P–S–P-waves and improve the $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 55 image quality. Numerical experiments for synthetic and field data demonstrate the feasibility and advantage of the proposed least-squares TTI RTM compared with wave-mode separation-based elastic RTM. In field data experiments, we observe that since there are no strong P–S–P converted waves in streamer pressure records from the marine survey, the reflectors in $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 55 image might be mainly imaged from P-waves due to the amplitude versus offset (AVO) effects.

中文翻译:

用于多分量陆地和压力海洋数据的倾斜横向各向同性介质中的弹性最小二乘成像

传统的弹性逆时偏移 (RTM) 涉及源和接收器波场的 P/S 波分离,然后应用零滞后互相关成像条件来生成 PP 和 PS 图像。在各向异性介质中,P-/S-波分解比在各向同性介质中需要更高的内存和计算成本。此外,有限的采集孔径和带限的源函数会导致分辨率和幅度不令人满意。为了缓解这些问题,我们提出了一种用于倾斜横向各向同性介质的弹性最小二乘成像方法,并将其应用于陆地多分量和海洋压力数据。与传统的 RTM 不同,我们使用密度和平方轴向(压缩/剪切)速度的乘积的相对扰动作为反射率模型( $$\Delta \ln{C}_{33}$$ Δ ln C 33 和 $$\Delta \ln{ C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 55 ),并通过求解线性逆问题来估计它们。数值实验表明,由于在地震图中同时存在 P 波和 S 波,地下反射体可以在陆地多分量数据的伴随图像中得到很好的分辨。最小二乘偏移有助于进一步提高空间分辨率和图像幅度。由于海洋拖缆数据中没有直接的 S 波,$$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 55 的伴随 RTM 图像主要用转换后的 S 波解析,效果不佳如 $$\Delta \ln{C}_{33}$$ Δ ln C 33 图像中的那些。通过近似 Hessian 逆,最小二乘偏移允许我们利用弱转换的 P-S-P 波并提高 $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 55 图像质量。与基于波模分离的弹性 RTM 相比,合成和现场数据的数值实验证明了所提出的最小二乘 TTI RTM 的可行性和优势。在野外数据实验中,我们观察到由于海洋测量的拖缆压力记录中没有强烈的 P-S-P 转换波,所以 $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 中的反射体由于幅度与偏移 (AVO) 效应,55 图像可能主要从 P 波成像。与基于波模分离的弹性 RTM 相比,合成和现场数据的数值实验证明了所提出的最小二乘 TTI RTM 的可行性和优势。在野外数据实验中,我们观察到由于海洋测量的拖缆压力记录中没有强烈的 P-S-P 转换波,所以 $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 中的反射体由于振幅与偏移 (AVO) 效应,55 图像可能主要从 P 波成像。与基于波模分离的弹性 RTM 相比,合成和现场数据的数值实验证明了所提出的最小二乘 TTI RTM 的可行性和优势。在野外数据实验中,我们观察到由于海洋测量的拖缆压力记录中没有强烈的 P-S-P 转换波,所以 $$\Delta \ln{C}_{55}$$ Δ ln C 中的反射体由于振幅与偏移 (AVO) 效应,55 图像可能主要从 P 波成像。
更新日期:2020-03-09
down
wechat
bug