High-yielding potato crops in Canterbury have achieved 90 t ha⁻¹or more. However, soil-borne diseases and poor soil structure are primary factors responsible for reducing this potential to an average of 55 t ha⁻¹. The interaction between these factors was measured by growing the cultivars ‘Russet Burbank’ and ‘Innovator’ in 15 fields, grouped into four categories related to cropping history that influences soil health: soil-restorative (>7 years of grass) and non-restorative (>6 annual crops) with presence or absence of potato crops in the previous 10 years. Although predominantly grass histories with previous potato crops showed greater severity of soil-borne diseases than annual crop history without previous potatoes, this did not lead to yield losses. Improved soil quality increased yields by an average 10 t ha⁻¹ regardless of disease pressure. Modelling suggested that early planting, maintaining crop canopies and managing water supply were also key factors for achieving high potato yields.

中文翻译：

---

种植历史影响新西兰坎特伯雷的马铃薯产量

坎特伯雷的高产马铃薯作物已达到90 t ha ^-1或更多。但是，土壤传播的疾病和不良的土壤结构是将这种潜力降低到平均55 t ha ^-1的主要因素。这些因素之间的相互作用是通过在15个领域中种植'Russet Burbank'和'Innovator'来衡量的，分为与土壤历史有关的与耕作历史有关的四类：土壤恢复性（> 7年草）和非恢复性（过去6种作物的年度产量）在过去10年中是否存在马铃薯作物。尽管与以前的马铃薯相比，以前的马铃薯作物的主要草史显示的土壤传播疾病的严重性要比不使用先前的马铃薯的年度作物史更高，但这并未导致产量下降。无论疾病压力如何，改善的土壤质量平均可使单产提高10 t ha ^-1。模型表明，早播，维持作物冠层和管理供水也是实现马铃薯高产的关键因素。