Alginate dialdehyde–gelatin (ADA–GEL) hydrogels have been reported to be suitable matrices for cell encapsulation. In general, application of ADA–GEL as bioink has been limited to planar structures due to its low viscosity. In this work, ring shaped constructs of ADA–GEL hydrogel were fabricated by casting the hydrogel into sacrificial molds which were 3D printed from 9% methylcellulose and 5% gelatin. Dissolution of the supporting structure was observed during the 1^st week of sample incubation. In addition, the effect of different crosslinkers (Ba²⁺ and Ca²⁺) on the physicochemical properties of ADA–GEL and on the behavior of encapsulated MG-63 cells was investigated. It was found that Ba²⁺ crosslinked network had more than twice higher storage modulus, and mass decrease to 70% during incubation compared to 42% in case of hydrogels crosslinked with Ca²⁺. In addition, faster increase in cell viability during incubation and earlier cell network formation were observed after Ba²⁺ crosslinking. No negative effects on cell activity due to the use of sacrificial materials were observed. The approach presented here could be further developed for cell-laden ADA–GEL bioink printing into complex 3D structures.

据报道，藻酸盐二醛-明胶（ADA-GEL）水凝胶是用于细胞封装的合适基质。通常，ADA-GEL作为生物墨水的应用由于其低粘度而仅限于平面结构。在这项工作中，通过将水凝胶浇铸到牺牲模具中来制作ADA-GEL水凝胶的环形结构，该模具由3％的9％甲基纤维素和5％明胶打印而成。在1处观测到的支撑结构的溶解^ST样品孵育一周。此外，还研究了不同交联剂（Ba ²⁺和Ca ²⁺）对ADA-GEL的理化性质以及对MG-63封装细胞行为的影响。发现Ba ²⁺交联网络的储能模量高出两倍以上，在孵育过程中质量降低到70％，而水凝胶与Ca ²⁺交联的情况下为42％。另外，在Ba ²⁺交联之后，观察到在孵育过程中细胞活力的更快增加和较早的细胞网络形成。没有观察到由于使用牺牲材料而对细胞活性产生负面影响。此处介绍的方法可以进一步开发，用于将充满细胞的ADA-GEL生物墨水打印为复杂的3D结构。