Abstract A simple and robust, low-cost electrochemical device is proposed for the combined sampling and detection of the trace solid explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from a non-porous surface. Four different substrates were investigated to collect explosive residue – a bare thin-film electrode, glass microfiber filter paper, a gel-polymer electrolyte (GPE), and a GPE-filter paper composite. The GPE contained the hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P14,6,6,6][NTf2]) and the polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). A simple “swabbing” technique was used to sample explosive residue on all substrates. Square wave voltammetry was performed to determine the effects of oxygen and moisture on the current response. The most robust method for use in the field – a GPE drop-casted on a TFE – was applied in real environments using a hand-held portable potentiostat. The prototype device was able to detect TNT with a 30 min development time in different ambient environmental conditions. The portability, ease of use and low-cost of the sensor device makes this a viable platform for the rapid onsite detection of explosives.

中文翻译：

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使用基于凝胶离子液体的现场可部署装置检测爆炸残留物的电分析方法

摘要 提出了一种简单、坚固、低成本的电化学装置，用于从无孔表面对痕量固体爆炸物 2,4,6-三硝基甲苯 (TNT) 进行联合采样和检测。研究了四种不同的基材来收集爆炸残留物——裸薄膜电极、玻璃微纤维滤纸、凝胶聚合物电解质 (GPE) 和 GPE 滤纸复合材料。GPE 包含疏水性室温离子液体 (RTIL) 三己基十四烷基鏻双（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺（[P14,6,6,6][NTf2]）和聚合物聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）（PMMA）。使用简单的“擦拭”技术对所有基材上的爆炸残留物进行取样。进行方波伏安法以确定氧气和水分对电流响应的影响。在现场使用最可靠的方法——在 TFE 上滴铸 GPE——使用手持便携式恒电位仪应用于实际环境中。原型设备能够在不同的环境条件下以 30 分钟的开发时间检测 TNT。传感器设备的便携性、易用性和低成本使其成为快速现场检测爆炸物的可行平台。