In this paper, we survey the main superstructure-based approaches in process system engineering, with a particular emphasis on the existing literature for automated superstructure generation. We examine both classical and more recent representations in terms of generality, ease of use, and tractability. We also discuss the implications that different representations may have on strategies for algebraic modeling and optimization. We then review the state-of-the-art in software implementations to support synthesis. Finally, we examine the use of evolutionary—recently referred to as superstructure-free—approaches, in which algorithmic procedures dynamically generate and evaluate candidate process structures.

在本文中，我们调查了过程系统工程中主要的基于上层建筑的方法，特别强调了有关自动上层建筑生成的现有文献。我们从通用性，易用性和易处理性方面研究了经典和较新的表示形式。我们还将讨论不同表示形式可能对代数建模和优化策略的影响。然后，我们回顾了软件实现中支持集成的最新技术。最后，我们研究了进化的方法（最近称为无上层建筑的方法）的使用，其中算法过程动态生成和评估候选过程结构。