This study evaluates the fate of certain bactericidal agents introduced into microbial fuel cell (MFC) cascades and the response of the microbial community. We tested the response of functioning urine fed MFC cascades using two very different bactericidal agents: a common antibiotic (Ampicillin, 5 g/L) and a disinfectant (Chloroxylenol 4.8 g/L) in concentrations of up to 100 times higher than the usual dose. Results of power generation showed that the established bacteria community was able to withstand high concentrations of ampicillin with good recovery after 24 h of minor decline. However, power generation was adversely affected by the introduction of chloroxylenol, resulting in a 99% loss of power generation. Ampicillin was completely degraded within the MFC cascade (>99.99%), while chloroxylenol remained largely unaffected. Analysis of the microbial community before the addition of the bactericidal agents showed a significant bacterial diversity with at least 35 genera detected within the cascade. Microbial community analysis after ampicillin treatment showed the loss of a small number of bacterial communities and proportional fluctuations of specific strains within the individual MFCs community. On the other hand, there was a significant shift in the bacterial community after chloroxylenol treatment coupled with the loss of at least 13 bacterial genera across the cascade.

中文翻译：

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MFC阳极群落暴露于抗菌剂时的弹性和局限性。

这项研究评估了引入微生物燃料电池（MFC）级联中的某些杀菌剂的命运以及微生物群落的响应。我们使用两种截然不同的杀菌剂对功能正常的尿液MFC级联反应进行了测试：一种常见抗生素（氨苄青霉素，5 g / L）和一种消毒剂（氯代苯酚4.8 g / L），其浓度比通常剂量高100倍。发电结果表明，已建立的细菌群落能够承受高浓度的氨苄西林，并在轻微下降24小时后恢复良好。但是，由于引入了氯代二甲酚，对发电产生了不利影响，导致发电损失达99％。氨苄青霉素在MFC级联反应中被完全降解（> 99.99％），而氯氧烯醇在很大程度上未受影响。在添加杀菌剂之前对微生物群落的分析显示，细菌级联存在显着的细菌多样性，至少有35个属。氨苄青霉素处理后的微生物群落分析表明，单个MFCs群落中少量细菌群落的损失和特定菌株的比例波动。另一方面，氯羟烯醇处理后细菌群落发生了显着变化，并且在整个级联反应中损失了至少13个细菌属。氨苄青霉素处理后的微生物群落分析表明，单个MFCs群落中少量细菌群落的损失和特定菌株的比例波动。另一方面，氯羟烯醇处理后细菌群落发生了显着变化，并且在整个级联反应中损失了至少13个细菌属。氨苄青霉素处理后的微生物群落分析表明，单个MFCs群落中少量细菌群落的损失和特定菌株的比例波动。另一方面，氯羟烯醇处理后细菌群落发生了显着变化，并且在整个级联反应中损失了至少13个细菌属。