Prunus spinosa L. (from Italy) fruit ethanol extract (40 µg/mL) was assessed by evaluating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities against five bacterial and two fungi ATCC strains. Moreover, the phenolic profile was also investigated and results are indicative of an intense anthocyanin accumulation which may be responsible for the antioxidant properties revealed by the DPPH assay. MIC and MBC/MFC values (4.36–8.72 mg/mL; 8.72–17.44 mg/mL, respectively) revealed a wide antibacterial activity and yeast inhibition. No specific inhibitory action was observed against the tested Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. Preliminary data on the effect on both miR-126 and miR-146a expression levels suggested a very interesting anti-inflammatory activity of the extract. A possible mechanism underpinning the observed effects was hypothesized and discussed. Finally, P. spinosa fruit extract could be used as supplementary source of functional additives and might be a promising antimicrobial compound of natural origin to be employed to fight microbial resistance.

刺李L.（来自意大利）水果乙醇提取物（40 µg / mL）通过评估针对五种细菌和两种真菌ATCC菌株的抗氧化剂，抗炎和抗菌活性进行评估。此外，还研究了酚类特征，结果表明强烈的花青素积聚，这可能是DPPH测定所揭示的抗氧化性能的原因。MIC和MBC / MFC值（分别为4.36-8.72 mg / mL；分别为8.72-17.44 mg / mL）显示出广泛的抗菌活性和酵母菌抑制作用。没有观察到针对测试的革兰氏阴性或革兰氏阳性细菌的特异性抑制作用。关于miR-126和miR-146a表达水平的影响的初步数据表明，提取物具有非常有趣的抗炎活性。假设并讨论了支撑观察到的效应的可能机制。最后，刺果果实提取物可以用作功能添加剂的补充来源，并且可能是有望用于抵抗微生物耐药性的天然来源的抗菌化合物。