Abstract Carboxybetaine methacrylate (CBMA), which has anti-biofouling properties, was incorporated into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to prevent multi-species biofilm formation without impairing the critical mechanical properties of the PMMA. The incorporation of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC, 3 wt%) was used as a positive control. PMMA wettability was found to increase with increasing CBMA content. The addition of CBMA resulted in decreased mechanical properties of PMMA. The incorporation of 3% CBMA into PMMA resulted in considerable long-term anti-biofouling effects that reduce adhesion of various fungi, bacteria (Candida albicans, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Veillonella parvula), and a human saliva-derived biofilm. The anti-biofouling effect of CBMA-incorporated PMMA surpassed that of the positive control. By calculating the intensity of the collective band using Raman spectroscopy, CBMA was proven to form the most stable hydration layer. Neither CBMA nor MPC groups showed cytotoxicity. Occlusal splints fabricated using 3% CBMA showed clinically acceptable aesthetic properties with slight turbidity. Despite a limitation in terms of deteriorations of the mechanical properties, the addition of an appropriate amount of CBMA to PMMA inhibited the attachment of fungi and bacteria and suppressed multi-species biofilm growth. The aesthetic properties of CBMA-incorporated PMMA are acceptable for clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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将羧基甜菜碱甲基丙烯酸酯掺入聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）中以防止多物种生物膜形成

摘要 羧基甜菜碱甲基丙烯酸酯 (CBMA) 具有抗生物污染特性，将其掺入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PMMA) 中以防止多物种生物膜的形成，同时不损害 PMMA 的关键机械性能。掺入的 2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酰胆碱 (MPC, 3 wt%) 用作阳性对照。发现 PMMA 润湿性随着 CBMA 含量的增加而增加。CBMA 的加入导致 PMMA 的机械性能下降。将 3% CBMA 掺入 PMMA 会产生相当大的长期抗生物污损效果，可减少各种真菌、细菌（白色念珠菌、内氏放线菌和细小韦永氏菌）和人类唾液衍生生物膜的粘附。掺入 CBMA 的 PMMA 的抗生物污染效果超过了阳性对照。通过使用拉曼光谱计算集体带的强度，证明 CBMA 形成了最稳定的水化层。CBMA 和 MPC 组均未显示细胞毒性。使用 3% CBMA 制造的咬合夹板显示出临床可接受的美学特性，略有混浊。尽管在机械性能恶化方面存在限制，但在 PMMA 中加入适量的 CBMA 可抑制真菌和细菌的附着并抑制多物种生物膜的生长。掺入 CBMA 的 PMMA 的美学特性在临床实践中是可以接受的。使用 3% CBMA 制造的咬合夹板显示出临床可接受的美学特性，略有混浊。尽管在机械性能恶化方面存在限制，但在 PMMA 中加入适量的 CBMA 可抑制真菌和细菌的附着并抑制多物种生物膜的生长。掺入 CBMA 的 PMMA 的美学特性在临床实践中是可以接受的。使用 3% CBMA 制造的咬合夹板显示出临床可接受的美学特性，略有混浊。尽管在机械性能恶化方面存在限制，但在 PMMA 中加入适量的 CBMA 可抑制真菌和细菌的附着并抑制多物种生物膜的生长。掺入 CBMA 的 PMMA 的美学特性在临床实践中是可以接受的。