Abstract A deeper understanding of collaboration among various stakeholders is imperative towards the success of the Building Information Modelling (BIM) enabled project delivery. A systematic research framework is proposed to properly analyze dynamic changes in stakeholders and their relationships by deploying social network analysis (SNA), assisting in stakeholder management. First, the work breakdown structure (WBS) is performed to organize a BIM project (i.e., rail project) into 4 levels: project name, stage, process, and activity. Second, different stakeholders are clarified based on the activity level over the whole project using interviews and surveys. Third, a project-level social network containing both the project ontology and stakeholders is established, from which cooperation information is then precisely extracted and stakeholder-level social networks with only stakeholders being nodes are created. Finally, SNA is carried out at both network- and node- levels. The results show that: (i) It is feasible to mine the collaboration information between different stakeholders through a project-level social network, (ii) The most active and central actor in each stage is continually changing, and the degree centrality and betweenness centrality are polarized between the stakeholders, (iii) There is a trend for a central stakeholder to be active and a broker at the same time, such as architect (#3), BIM coordinator (#4), BIM modeler (#6), civil & structural engineer (#9), and mechanical & electrical engineer (#18), and (iv) BIM coordinator (#4) should be given more attention, especially from the tender stage on. The research can contribute to both theoretical and practical development: (a) A new novel approach that could make the dynamic collaboration characteristics explicit was proposed with SNA, (b) A good knowledge of the dynamic collaboration attributes among different stakeholders in BIM-based rail projects could encourage a better project outcome.

中文翻译：

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BIM项目交付中的协作关系发现：一种社交网络分析方法

摘要 更深入地了解各个利益相关者之间的协作对于建筑信息模型 (BIM) 支持的项目交付的成功至关重要。提出了一个系统的研究框架，通过部署社会网络分析（SNA）来正确分析利益相关者及其关系的动态变化，协助利益相关者管理。首先，执行工作分解结构（WBS）将BIM项目（即铁路项目）组织成4个层次：项目名称、阶段、过程和活动。其次，通过访谈和调查，根据整个项目的活动水平来澄清不同的利益相关者。第三，建立一个包含项目本体和利益相关者的项目级社交网络，然后从中精确提取合作信息，并创建仅利益相关者作为节点的利益相关者级社交网络。最后，SNA 在网络级和节点级执行。结果表明：（i）通过项目级社交网络挖掘不同利益相关者之间的协作信息是可行的，（ii）每个阶段最活跃和最中心的参与者不断变化，度中心性和中介中心性利益相关者之间存在两极化，(iii) 中央利益相关者同时活跃和经纪人的趋势，例如建筑师 (#3)、BIM 协调员 (#4)、BIM 建模师 (#6)，土木和结构工程师（#9）和机电工程师（#18）和（iv）BIM协调员（#4）应该得到更多的关注，尤其是从招标阶段开始。该研究有助于理论和实践发展：（a）与 SNA 提出了一种可以使动态协作特征明确的新方法，（b）对基于 BIM 的铁路中不同利益相关者之间的动态协作属性有很好的了解项目可以鼓励更好的项目成果。