Considering serious concrete diseases from tunnel lining structure, the pre-suspended nanomaterials combined with superfine admixtures (nano-SA) are used to improve mechanical properties and durability of concrete. Fly ash combined with ultrafine particle microspheres were selected as composite admixtures based on comprehensive performance and application research analysis on the mineral nanomaterial admixtures. Compressive strength and flexural strength for the mortar specimens at different ages were investigated by the single or composite incorporation of the silica fume and the other nanomaterials with the different physical properties. The nano-SA determined by experiment was applied to regulate strength and durability of the concrete. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze microstructure of concrete with different prescriptions under freeze–thaw cycles. The effects of the nano-SA acting on concrete compactness were studied. The pre-suspended nanomaterial combined with superfine admixture is used for the experimental shotcrete of tunnel. The experimental results indicate that the nano-SA not only improves the workability and compressive strength of the shotcrete but also significantly reduces the rebound rate of the shotcrete. The rebound amount of the shotcrete incorporated with the nano-SA is decreased approximately 30% than without the nano-SA. It proves the excellent performance of the nano-SA and obvious economic benefits.

考虑到来自隧道衬砌结构的严重混凝土疾病，将预先悬浮的纳米材料与超细外加剂（纳米SA）结合使用可改善混凝土的机械性能和耐久性。基于对矿物纳米材料外加剂的综合性能和应用研究分析，选择了粉煤灰与超细颗粒微球相结合的复合外加剂。通过将硅灰和其他具有不同物理性质的纳米材料进行单一或复合掺入，研究了不同年龄砂浆试样的抗压强度和抗弯强度。通过实验确定的纳米SA被用于调节混凝土的强度和耐久性。扫描电镜（SEM）用于分析冻融循环下不同配方的混凝土的微观结构。研究了纳米SA对混凝土密实度的影响。将预先悬浮的纳米材料与超细掺合料一起用于隧道的试验喷射混凝土。实验结果表明，纳米SA不仅提高了喷射混凝土的可加工性和抗压强度，而且还大大降低了喷射混凝土的回弹率。掺入纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量比不掺纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量降低约30％。证明了纳米SA的优异性能和明显的经济效益。将预先悬浮的纳米材料与超细掺合料一起用于隧道的试验喷射混凝土。实验结果表明，纳米SA不仅提高了喷射混凝土的可加工性和抗压强度，而且还大大降低了喷射混凝土的回弹率。掺入纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量比不掺纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量降低约30％。证明了纳米SA的优异性能和明显的经济效益。将预先悬浮的纳米材料与超细掺合料一起用于隧道的试验喷射混凝土。实验结果表明，纳米SA不仅提高了喷射混凝土的可加工性和抗压强度，而且还大大降低了喷射混凝土的回弹率。掺入纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量比不掺纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量降低约30％。证明了纳米SA的优异性能和明显的经济效益。掺入纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量比不掺纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量降低约30％。证明了纳米SA的优异性能和明显的经济效益。掺入纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量比不掺纳米SA的喷射混凝土的回弹量降低约30％。证明了纳米SA的优异性能和明显的经济效益。