MoS₂/C composites are considered to have great application potential in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). It is a challenging and meaningful subject that developing high-performance anode materials via combining MoS₂ and carbon effectively to give free rein to their advantages in sodium ion storage. In this work, a novel MoS₂-C material was designed by using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as low-cost and green carbon source. 3D hierarchical microspheres (200–250 nm) constructed by ultrathin MoS₂-C nanosheets were synthesized by synchronizing the pre-carbonization of CNCs with the formation of MoS₂ in hydrothermal reaction and subsequent pyrolysis process. It is found that the ultrathin MoS₂-C nanosheets were composed of CNCs-derived short-range ordered carbon and few-layered MoS₂. Benefiting from the unique structure and robust combination of MoS₂ and CNCs-derived carbon, the ultrathin MoS₂-C nanosheets composite was proved to have excellent cycling stability and superior rate performance in sodium-ion half-cell test and have high first reversible specific capacity of 397.9 mAh/g in full-cell test. This work provides a significant and effective pathway to prepare MoS₂-C materials with excellent electrochemical performance for the application in large-scale energy storage systems.

MoS ₂ / C复合材料被认为在钠离子电池（SIB）中具有巨大的应用潜力。通过有效地结合MoS ₂和碳来开发高性能阳极材料，从而充分发挥其在钠离子存储方面的优势，这是一个具有挑战性和有意义的课题。在这项工作中，通过使用纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）作为低成本绿色碳源设计了一种新颖的MoS ₂ -C材料。通过在水热反应和随后的热解过程中，将CNC的预碳化与MoS ₂的形成同步，来合成由超薄的MoS ₂ -C纳米片构成的3D分层微球（200-250 nm）。发现超薄MoS ₂-C纳米片由CNCs衍生的短程有序碳和几层MoS _2组成。得益于MoS ₂和CNCs衍生的碳的独特结构以及坚固的组合，超薄的MoS ₂ -C纳米片复合材料在钠离子半电池测试中被证明具有出色的循环稳定性和优异的倍率性能，并且具有较高的首次可逆比在全电池测试中，容量为397.9 mAh / g。这项工作为制备具有优异电化学性能的MoS ₂ -C材料提供了重要且有效的途径，可用于大规模储能系统。