Bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and bone tumor present a severe public health problem. Osteogenic differentiation is a complex process associated with the differentiation of different cells, which could regulate transcription factors, cytokines, many signaling pathways, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), and epigenetic modulation. DNA methylation is a kind of stable epigenetic alterations in CpG islands without DNA sequence changes and is involved in cancer and other diseases, including bone development and homeostasis. ncRNAs can perform their crucial biological functions at the RNA level, and many findings have demonstrated essential functions of ncRNAs in osteogenic differentiation. In this review, we highlight current researches in DNA methylation of two relevant ncRNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, in the initiation and progression of osteogenesis and bone diseases.

中文翻译：

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非编码RNA的DNA甲基化：对成骨和常见骨疾病的新见解。

诸如骨关节炎，骨质疏松和骨肿瘤之类的骨疾病提出了严重的公共卫生问题。成骨细胞分化是与不同细胞分化相关的复杂过程，可以调节转录因子，细胞因子，许多信号传导途径，非编码RNA（ncRNA）和表观遗传调控。DNA甲基化是CpG岛中一种稳定的表观遗传学改变，无需改变DNA序列，并参与癌症和其他疾病，包括骨骼发育和体内平衡。ncRNA可以在RNA水平上执行其关键的生物学功能，许多发现已证明ncRNA在成骨细胞分化中具有必不可少的功能。在这篇评论中，我们重点介绍了两个相关ncRNA的DNA甲基化方面的最新研究，包括microRNA和长非编码RNA，