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Using citizen science in road surveys for large-scale amphibian monitoring: are biased data representative for species distribution?
Biodiversity and Conservation ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s10531-020-01956-0
Silviu O. Petrovan , Cândida Gomes Vale , Neftalí Sillero

Road-based citizen science surveys are increasingly used for long-term monitoring of wildlife, including amphibians, over large spatial scales. However, how representative such data are when compared to the actual species distribution remains unclear. Spatial biases in site selection or road network coverage by volunteers could skew results towards more urbanised areas and consequently produce incorrect or partial trend estimations at regional or national scales. Our objective was to compare and verify potential spatial biases of road-based data using distribution datasets of different origins. We used as a case study the common toad (Bufo bufo), a fast-declining species and the main amphibian targeted by conservation action on roads in Europe. We used Maxent models to compare road survey data obtained from the 35 year-long “Toads on Roads” project in Great Britain with models using national-scale toad distribution records as well as with models using randomly generated points on roads. Distribution models that used data collected by volunteers on roads produced similar results to those obtained from overall species distribution, indicating the lack of selection bias and high spatial coverage of volunteer-collected data on roads. Toads were generally absent from mountainous areas and, despite the high availability of potential recorders, showed nearly complete absence of road-based records in large urban areas. This is probably the first study that comparatively evaluates species distribution models created using datasets of different origin in order to verify the influence of potential spatial bias of data collected by volunteers on roads. Large-scale declines of widespread amphibians have been demonstrated using data collected on roads and our results indicate that such data are representative and certainly comparable to other existing datasets. We show that for countries with high road network coverage, such as Great Britain, road-based data collected by volunteers represent a robust dataset and a critical citizen science contribution to conservation.



中文翻译:

在道路调查中使用公民科学进行大规模的两栖动物监测:偏倚的数据是否代表物种分布?

基于道路的公民科学调查越来越多地用于在大型空间范围内对野生动物(包括两栖动物)进行长期监测。但是,与实际物种分布相比,此类数据的代表性如何仍不清楚。志愿者在选址或道路网络覆盖方面的空间偏差可能会使结果偏向更加城市化的地区,从而在区域或国家范围内产生不正确的或部分的趋势估计。我们的目标是使用不同来源的分布数据集来比较和验证道路数据的潜在空间偏差。我们以普通蟾蜍(Bufo bufo),这是一种快速下降的物种,也是欧洲道路保护行动的主要两栖动物。我们使用Maxent模型将在英国进行了长达35年的“ Toads on roads”项目的道路调查数据与使用全国规模的蟾蜍分布记录的模型以及使用随机生成的道路上的点的模型进行了比较。使用自愿者在道路上收集的数据的分布模型产生的结果与总体物种分布所获得的结果相似,这表明缺乏选择偏差和自愿者收集的道路数据的空间覆盖率很高。山区通常没有蟾蜍,尽管潜在记录器的可用性很高,但在大城市地区几乎完全没有基于道路的记录。这可能是第一个比较评估使用不同来源的数据集创建的物种分布模型的研究,目的是验证志愿者收集的数据在道路上的潜在空间偏差的影响。使用道路收集的数据已经证明了广泛的两栖动物的大规模减少,我们的结果表明,这些数据具有代表性,并且可以与其他现有数据集相比。我们表明,对于道路网络覆盖率较高的国家(例如英国),志愿者收集的基于道路的数据代表了可靠的数据集和对保护工作的重要公民科学贡献。使用道路收集的数据已经证明了广泛的两栖动物的大规模减少,我们的结果表明,这些数据具有代表性,并且可以与其他现有数据集相比。我们表明,对于道路网络覆盖率较高的国家(例如英国),志愿者收集的基于道路的数据代表了可靠的数据集和对保护工作的重要公民科学贡献。使用道路收集的数据已经证明了广泛的两栖动物的大规模减少,我们的结果表明,这些数据具有代表性,并且可以与其他现有数据集相比。我们表明,对于道路网络覆盖率较高的国家(例如英国),志愿者收集的基于道路的数据代表了可靠的数据集和对保护工作的重要公民科学贡献。

更新日期:2020-04-20
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