Objective

Using data from the nationwide, cross-sectional KiGGS (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents) study, we investigated whether hormonal contraception in adolescents aged 15 to 17 years was linked to health-related quality of life and mental health problems.

Methods

Study participants had undergone standardized recordings of blood pressure and measurements of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Quality of life was assessed by self- and parent-rated KINDL-R questionnaires, whereas mental health problems were screened by means of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

Results

Self-rated quality of life was similar between users (n = 522) and non-users (n = 1173, 69.2%) of oral contraceptives (69.2 ± 11.2 vs. 69.2 ± 11.0, p = 0.943), as was the parent-rated version (72.9 ± 10.6 vs. 72.9 ± 10.5, p = 0.985). Likewise, no significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to both self- (10.9 ± 4.4 vs. 10.8 ± 4.6, p = 0.732) and parent-rated SDQ scores (7.2 ± 4.8 vs. 7.0 ± 4.6. p = 0.390). However, serum 25(OH)D (59.5 ± 32.9 vs. 46.1 ± 28.0 nmol/L, p < 0.001) and mean arterial blood pressure (88.2 ± 7.4 vs. 86.5 ± 7.7 mmHg, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in users than in non-users. There was a trend towards a higher rate of psychotropic drug prescription in participants taking oral contraceptive pills as compared to those not receiving hormonal contraception (17.8% vs. 14.4%, p = 0.052). A series of linear regression models with either KINDL-R or SDQ as dependent variable confirmed that there were no associations between components of mental well-being and contraceptive drug use, irrespective of whether self- or parent-ratings were included in these models.

Conclusions

In a large, representative sample of German adolescents, exposure to exogenous contraceptive hormones was associated with higher arterial blood pressure and serum 25(OH)D concentration, whereas hormonal contraception was not linked to health-related quality of life or mental well-being.

中文翻译：

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青少年口服避孕药使用者的生活质量和心理健康。全国代表性的德国儿童和青少年健康访问与检查调查（KiGGS）的结果。

目的

我们使用来自全国性的横断面KiGGS（德国儿童和青少年健康面试和检查调查）研究的数据，我们调查了15至17岁青少年的激素避孕是否与健康相关的生活质量和精神健康问题相关。

方法

研究参与者接受了标准化的血压记录和血清25-羟基维生素D [25（OH）D]的测量。生活质量通过自我评估和父母评估的KINDL-R问卷进行评估，而心理健康问题则通过优势和困难问卷（SDQ）进行筛查。

结果

 口服避孕药的使用者（n  = 522）和非使用者（n = 1173，69.2％）之间的自我评价生活质量相似（69.2±11.2 vs. 69.2±11.0，p  = 0.943），父母-额定版本（72.9±10.6与72.9±10.5，p  = 0.985）。同样，两组在自我 得分（10.9±4.4 vs. 10.8±4.6，p = 0.732）和父母评估的SDQ得分（7.2±4.8 vs. 7.0±4.6）之间也没有观察到显着差异。p  = 0.390 ）。但是血清25（OH）D（59.5±32.9 vs. 46.1±28.0 nmol / L，p  <0.001）和平均动脉血压（88.2±7.4 vs. 86.5±7.7 mmHg，p <0.001）的用户使用率显着高于非用户使用率。与未接受激素避孕药的受试者相比，口服避孕药的受试者的精神药物处方率有增加的趋势（分别为17.8％和14.4％，p  = 0.052）。一系列以KINDL-R或SDQ作为因变量的线性回归模型证实，无论这些模型中是否包括自我评估或父母评估，心理健康与避孕药具的使用之间都没有关联。

结论

在大量具有代表性的德国青少年中，外源性避孕激素的暴露与动脉血压升高和血清25（OH）D浓度升高有关，而激素避孕与健康相关的生活质量或心理健康无关。