This paper examines the consistency between experiments and thermodynamic predictions of the modification of non-metallic inclusions by dissolved Ca in liquid Fe-Al alloys. Current thermodynamic predictions made with FactSage (version 7.2) were found to overestimate the amount of dissolved Ca and the Ca in non-metallic inclusions. This was demonstrated in two ways. First, Al-deoxidized Fe was held in CaO-3 pct ZrO2 crucibles for 100-136 minutes at 1873 K (1600 °C) and then reoxidized to precipitate dissolved Ca as oxide inclusions. The amount of Ca in the inclusions after reoxidation was quantified and considered equal to the dissolved Ca in the liquid Fe prior to reoxidation. Although experimental data were limited, the results suggested that the dissolved Ca was low and that the thermodynamic behavior of Ca could be best described by excluding Ca-O interaction. The assumption of no Ca-O interaction was compared with the associate solution model employed in FactSage by simulating the evolution of inclusion compositions in Fe—2, 1, 0.5, 0.1 wt pct Al alloys exposed to CaO (sat.)-MgO (sat.)-Al2O3 slags. The assumption of no Ca-O interaction led to predictions that were much closer to experimental results. More work is needed to ensure dissolved Ca behavior is accurately described and to ensure the sources for Ca modification of inclusions in industrial samples are properly identified.

中文翻译：

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通过渣/金属反应对夹杂物进行钙改性

本文研究了在液态 Fe-Al 合金中溶解 Ca 对非金属夹杂物进行改性的实验和热力学预测之间的一致性。发现当前使用 FactSage（7.2 版）进行的热力学预测高估了溶解的 Ca 和非金属夹杂物中的 Ca 的量。这体现在两个方面。首先，将铝脱氧的 Fe 在 CaO-3 pct ZrO2 坩埚中在 1873 K（1600 °C）下保持 100-136 分钟，然后再氧化以沉淀溶解的 Ca 作为氧化物夹杂物。再氧化后夹杂物中的钙含量被量化，并被认为等于再氧化前液态铁中溶解的钙。虽然实验数据有限，结果表明，溶解的 Ca 含量低，并且可以通过排除 Ca-O 相互作用来最好地描述 Ca 的热力学行为。通过模拟暴露于 CaO (sat.)-MgO (sat.) 的 Fe-2, 1, 0.5, 0.1 wt pct Al 合金中夹杂物成分的演变，将无 Ca-O 相互作用的假设与 FactSage 中采用的关联溶液模型进行了比较。 .)-Al2O3 渣。没有 Ca-O 相互作用的假设导致更接近实验结果的预测。需要做更多的工作来确保准确描述溶解的 Ca 行为，并确保正确识别工业样品中夹杂物的 Ca 改性来源。通过模拟暴露于 CaO (sat.)-MgO (sat.) 的 Fe-2, 1, 0.5, 0.1 wt pct Al 合金中夹杂物成分的演变，将无 Ca-O 相互作用的假设与 FactSage 中采用的关联溶液模型进行了比较。 .)-Al2O3 渣。没有 Ca-O 相互作用的假设导致更接近实验结果的预测。需要做更多的工作来确保准确描述溶解的 Ca 行为，并确保正确识别工业样品中夹杂物的 Ca 改性来源。通过模拟暴露于 CaO (sat.)-MgO (sat.) 的 Fe-2, 1, 0.5, 0.1 wt pct Al 合金中夹杂物成分的演变，将无 Ca-O 相互作用的假设与 FactSage 中采用的关联溶液模型进行了比较。 .)-Al2O3 渣。没有 Ca-O 相互作用的假设导致更接近实验结果的预测。需要做更多的工作来确保准确描述溶解的 Ca 行为，并确保正确识别工业样品中夹杂物的 Ca 改性来源。