In order to alleviate toxic effects of aflatoxins B₁ (AFB₁) and zearalenone (ZEA) on broiler production performance and gut microbiota, three kinds of compound probiotics (CP) were selected. The optimal ratios of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei and Candida utilis in broiler diets were 7, 5 and 6 log CFU/g for ZEA biodegradation (CP1); 6, 7 and 7 log CFU/g for AFB₁ biodegradation (CP2); 7, 6 and 7 log CFU/g for ZEA + AFB₁ biodegradation (CP3). A total of 350 1-day-old Ross broilers were randomly divided into 7 groups. Group A was the basal diet, group B-G contained ZEA, AFB₁, ZEA + AFB₁, ZEA + CP1, AFB₁+CP2, ZEA + AFB₁+CP3, respectively. The experiment showed that AFB₁ or AFB₁+ZEA significantly decreased broiler production performance, damaged liver and jejunum, increased mycotoxin residues in broiler body; however, three kinds of compound probiotics additions could alleviate mycotoxin negative effects on the above parameters (p < 0.05). The gut microbiota analysis indicated that AFB₁+ZEA increased jejunal microbial richness, but which were decreased to almost the same level as the control group by CP3 addition. CP3 addition significantly increased jejunal Firmicutes and Lactobacillus aviarius abundances. The correlative analysis showed that gut Lactobacillus aviarius abundance was positively correlated with average daily gain (ADG) of broilers (p < 0.05), while AFB₁+ZEA addition decreased its relative abundance, indicating that CP3 addition increased broiler growth by increasing Lactobacillus aviarius abundance. AFB₁ and ZEA residues in broiler body were negatively correlated with the gut beneficial bacterial abundances (p < 0.01), but positively correlated with the potentially harmful bacterial abundances (p < 0.05), which inferred that CP3 addition could decrease mycotoxin residues through positively regulating gut relative bacterial abundances. In conclusion, compound probiotics could keep gut microbiota stable, degrade mycotoxins, alleviate histological lesions, increase production performance and reduce mycotoxin toxicity for broilers.

为了减轻fl毒素B ₁（AFB ₁）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）对肉鸡生产性能和肠道菌群的毒性作用，选择了三种复合益生菌（CP）。对于ZEA生物降解（CP1），肉鸡日粮中枯草芽孢杆菌，干酪乳杆菌和枯草假丝酵母的最佳比例分别为7、5和6 log CFU / g。AFB ₁生物降解（CP2）的6、7和7 log CFU / g ；ZEA + AFB ₁生物降解（CP3）的7、6和7 log CFU / g 。总共350只1天大的罗斯肉鸡被随机分为7组。A组为基础饮食，BG组包含ZEA，AFB ₁，ZEA + AFB ₁，ZEA + CP1，AFB ₁ + CP2，ZEA + AFB ₁ + CP3。实验表明，AFB ₁或AFB ₁ + ZEA显着降低了肉鸡生产性能，损害了肝脏和空肠，增加了肉鸡体内的霉菌毒素残留；然而，添加三种复合益生菌可以减轻霉菌毒素对上述参数的负面影响（p  <0.05）。肠道菌群分析表明，AFB ₁ + ZEA增加了空肠微生物的丰富度，但通过添加CP3使其降低至与对照组几乎相同的水平。CP3的添加显着增加了空肠的Firmicutes和鸟乳杆菌丰富。相关分析表明，肠道乳杆菌鸟舍蛋白的丰度与肉鸡的平均日增重（ADG）呈正相关（p  <0.05），而AFB ₁ + ZEA的添加降低了其相对丰度，这表明CP3的添加通过增加禽杆菌的乳杆菌的丰度而提高了肉鸡的生长。。AFB ₁在肉鸡体和ZEA残基与肠道有益细菌丰度（呈负相关p  <0.01），但正相关与潜在有害的细菌丰度（p <0.05），这表明添加CP3可以通过正向调节肠道相对细菌的丰度来减少霉菌毒素残留。总之，复合益生菌可以保持肠道菌群稳定，降解霉菌毒素，减轻组织学损害，提高生产性能并降低肉鸡的霉菌毒素毒性。