Abstract Detecting adulteration in honey is not an easy task and most of the traditional methods are usually unaffordable. Thus, we describe the use of cyclic voltammetry using Cu/CuO electrode and UV–vis spectrophotometry along with chemometric tools to detect adulteration of honey with corn syrup. Both honey and corn syrup samples presented an anodic peak at +1.1 V, but the current is variable and depends on the sample composition in relation to the honey and syrup content. A cathodic peak at +0.42 V arises at higher scan rates, which is more pronounced for syrup samples and can be used to discriminate between pure and adulterated samples. This response can be combined with UV/vis absorbance peaks at 285 and 216 nm to identify adulteration. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed differentiating between honey and corn syrup samples and simulated mixtures of them, in which the first two principal components together explain 100.0 % of the data variability, specifically 98.47 % by PC1 and 1.53 % by PC2. The method requires a minimum amount of sample and generates a low amount of waste. Furthermore, it is possible to use portable and cheap equipment, making it more accessible to the beekeeper sector.

中文翻译：

---

检测蜂蜜掺假的非靶向方法：电化学和分光光度响应与主成分分析相结合

摘要 检测蜂蜜中的掺假并非易事，大多数传统方法通常负担不起。因此，我们描述了使用 Cu/CuO 电极和 UV-vis 分光光度法以及化学计量工具的循环伏安法来检测蜂蜜掺入玉米糖浆的情况。蜂蜜和玉米糖浆样品均在 +1.1 V 处出现阳极峰，但电流是可变的，取决于与蜂蜜和糖浆含量相关的样品成分。+0.42 V 的阴极峰出现在更高的扫描速率下，这对于糖浆样品更为明显，可用于区分纯样品和掺假样品。该响应可以与 285 和 216 nm 处的 UV/vis 吸收峰结合以识别掺假。主成分分析 (PCA) 和层次聚类分析 (HCA) 允许区分蜂蜜和玉米糖浆样品及其模拟混合物，其中前两个主成分共同解释了 100.0% 的数据变异性，特别是 PC1 和 1.53 的 98.47% % 由 PC2。该方法需要最少量的样品并产生少量废物。此外，可以使用便携且廉价的设备，使养蜂人更容易使用。