Global warming has reached an alarming situation, which led to a dangerous climatic condition. The irregular rainfalls and land degradation are the significant consequences of these climatic changes causing a decrease in crop productivity. The effect of drought and its tolerance mechanism, a comparative roots proteomic analysis of chickpea seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions for three weeks, performed at different time points using 2-Dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). After PD-Quest analysis, 110 differentially expressed spots subjected to MALDI-TOF/TOF and 75 spots identified with a significant score. These identified proteins classified into eight categories based on their functional annotation. Proteins involved in carbon and energy metabolism comprised 23% of total identified proteins include mainly glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, transaldolase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. Proteins related to stress response (heat-shock protein, CS domain protein, and chitinase 2-like) contributed 16% of total protein spots followed by 13% involved in protein metabolism (adenosine kinase 2, and protein disulfide isomerase). ROS metabolism contributed 13% (glutathione S-transferase, ascorbate peroxidase, and thioredoxin), and 9% for signal transduction (actin-101, and 14-3-3-like protein B). Five percent protein identified for secondary metabolism (cinnamoyl-CoA reductase-1 and chalcone-flavononeisomerase 2) and 7% for nitrogen (N) and amino acid metabolism (glutamine synthetase and homocysteine methyltransferase). The abundance of some proteins validated by using Western blotting and Real-Time-PCR. The detailed information for drought-responsive root protein(s) through comparative proteomics analysis can be utilized in the future for genetic improvement programs to develop drought-tolerant chickpea lines.

中文翻译：

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使用比较蛋白质组学方法揭示干旱胁迫下鹰嘴豆根中蛋白质丰度的复杂性。

全球变暖已达到令人震惊的境地，导致了危险的气候条件。不规则的降雨和土地退化是这些气候变化导致作物生产率下降的重大后果。使用二维凝胶电泳（2-DE）在不同的时间点进行了干旱的影响及其耐受机制，这是在不同时间点对水培条件下生长的鹰嘴豆幼苗进行3周比较的根蛋白质组学分析。在PD-Quest分析之后，对110个差异表达的斑点进行了MALDI-TOF / TOF处理，并确定了75个斑点，并获得了明显的评分。这些蛋白质根据其功能注释分为八​​类。参与碳和能量代谢的蛋白质占已鉴定蛋白质的23％，主要包括3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶，苹果酸脱氢酶，反式醛缩酶和异柠檬酸脱氢酶。与应激反应相关的蛋白（热休克蛋白，CS结构域蛋白和几丁质酶2样）占总蛋白斑点的16％，其次是参与蛋白质代谢的13％（腺苷激酶2和蛋白质二硫键异构酶）。ROS代谢贡献了13％（谷胱甘肽S-转移酶，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和硫氧还蛋白），而9％参与了信号转导（肌动蛋白101和14-3-3-类似蛋白B）。二级代谢（肉桂酰基辅酶A还原酶-1和查尔酮-黄酮酮异构酶2）的蛋白质含量为5％，氮（N）和氨基酸代谢的蛋白质（谷氨酰胺合成酶和高半胱氨酸甲基转移酶）的含量为7％。使用蛋白质印迹和实时荧光定量PCR验证了一些蛋白质的丰度。通过比较蛋白质组学分析获得的干旱响应性根蛋白的详细信息，将来可用于遗传改良计划，以开发耐干旱的鹰嘴豆品系。