The enzyme type IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) is crucial for mammalian innate host defense against bacterial pathogens. Most studies have investigated the role of sPLA2-IIA in systemic bacterial infections, identifying molecular pathways of bacterial resistance against sPLA2-IIA-mediated killing, and providing insight into sPLA2-IIA mechanisms of action. Sensitization of (antibiotic-resistant) bacteria to sPLA2-IIA action by blocking bacterial resistance or by applying sPLA2-IIA to treat bacterial infections might represent a therapeutic option in the future. Because sPLA2-IIA is highly expressed at mucosal barriers, we also discuss how sPLA2-IIA is likely to be an important driver of microbiome composition; we anticipate that future research in this area may bring new insights into the role of sPLA2-IIA in health and disease.

IIA型酶分泌的磷脂酶A2（sPLA2-IIA）对于哺乳动物先天宿主抵抗细菌病原体的防御至关重要。大多数研究已经调查了sPLA2-IIA在系统性细菌感染中的作用，确定了细菌抵抗sPLA2-IIA介导的杀伤的分子途径，并提供了对sPLA2-IIA作用机理的见解。通过阻断细菌抗药性或通过应用sPLA2-IIA来治疗细菌感染，使（抗生素抗性）细菌对sPLA2-IIA的作用敏感可能是将来的治疗选择。由于sPLA2-IIA在黏膜屏障中高表达，因此我们还将讨论sPLA2-IIA如何可能是微生物组组成的重要驱动因素。我们预计该领域的未来研究可能会为sPLA2-IIA在健康和疾病中的作用带来新的见解。