BACKGROUND While skin carcinomas are reported in chronic ulcers and in patients treated with hydroxyurea (HU) for myeloproliferative neoplasms, no skin carcinoma has been reported in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), presenting chronic skin ulcers or treated with HU. The objective was to estimate the risk of cutaneous malignant transformation in SCD patients with prolonged leg ulcers or under HU therapy. RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, the cohort consisted of 1543 patients. In the first series, 29 patients presented a total of 53 ulcers lasting more than two years. The median age was 35 ± 8.4 years old. The median duration for a single ulcer was 9.2 ± 7 years. None of the examined ulcers showed any suspicious area of malignant transformation. In the second series, 187 patients treated with HU for more than two years were identified. The median age was 31.3 ± 9.9 years old. The median duration of treatment with HU was 6 ± 3.2 years. No skin carcinoma or actinic keratosis was recorded. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that skin carcinogenesis did not occur in our series of SCD patients exposed to transforming events such as long term HU treatment or prolonged leg ulcers.

中文翻译：

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镰状细胞病诱导对皮肤癌发生的抗性。

背景技术虽然在慢性溃疡中以及在用羟基脲（HU）治疗的骨髓增生性肿瘤患者中报告了皮肤癌，但在镰状细胞疾病（SCD），表现出慢性皮肤溃疡或HU治疗的镰刀状细胞病（SCD）患者中没有皮肤癌的报道。目的是评估患有长期腿部溃疡或接受HU治疗的SCD患者发生皮肤恶性转化的风险。结果在该横断面研究中，该队列包括1543名患者。在第一个系列中，有29名患者总共出现了53个溃疡，持续了两年以上。中位年龄为35±8.4岁。单个溃疡的中位持续时间为9.2±7年。所检查的溃疡均未显示任何可疑的恶性转化区域。在第二个系列中，确定了187例接受HU治疗超过两年的患者。中位年龄为31.3±9.9岁。HU治疗的中位时间为6±3.2年。没有皮肤癌或光化性角化病的记录。结论这项研究表明，在我们的一系列SCD患者中，未发生皮肤癌变，这些患者经历了长期HU治疗或腿部溃疡等转化事件。