BACKGROUND There is little known about pre-frailty attributes or when changes which contribute to frailty might be detectable and amenable to change. This study explores pre-frailty and frailty in independent community-dwelling adults aged 40-75 years. METHODS Participants were recruited through local council networks, a national bank and one university in Adelaide, Australia. Fried frailty phenotype scores were calculated from measures of unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity levels, poor hand grip strength and slow walking speed. Participants were identified as not frail (no phenotypes), pre-frail (one or two phenotypes) or frail (three or more phenotypes). Factor analysis was applied to binary forms of 25 published frailty measures Differences were tested in mean factor scores between the three Fried frailty phenotypes and ROC curves estimated predictive capacity of factors. RESULTS Of 656 participants (67% female; mean age 59.9 years, SD 10.6) 59.2% were classified as not frail, 39.0% pre-frail and 1.8% frail. There were no gender or age differences. Seven frailty factors were identified, incorporating all 25 frailty measures. Factors 1 and 7 significantly predicted progression from not-frail to pre-frail (Factor 1 AUC 0.64 (95%CI 0.60-0.68, combined dynamic trunk stability and lower limb functional strength, balance, foot sensation, hearing, lean muscle mass and low BMI; Factor 7 AUC 0.55 (95%CI 0.52-0.59) comprising continence and nutrition. Factors 3 and 4 significantly predicted progression from pre-frail to frail (Factor 3 AUC 0.65 (95% CI 0.59-0.70)), combining living alone, sleep quality, depression and anxiety, and lung function; Factor 4 AUC 0.60 (95%CI 0.54-0.66) comprising perceived exertion on exercise, and falls history. CONCLUSIONS This research identified pre-frailty and frailty states in people aged in their 40s and 50s. Pre-frailty in body systems performance can be detected by a range of mutable measures, and interventions to prevent progression to frailty could be commenced from the fourth decade of life.

中文翻译：

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居住在社区的 40-75 岁人群的前衰弱因素：成功老龄化的机会。


背景技术对于衰弱前的属性或导致衰弱的变化何时可被检测到并易于改变，人们知之甚少。本研究探讨了 40-75 岁独立社区居住成年人的虚弱前和虚弱状态。方法 参与者是通过澳大利亚阿德莱德当地议会网络、一家国家银行和一所大学招募的。 Fried 虚弱表型评分是根据无意的体重减轻、疲惫、体力活动水平低、握力差和步行速度慢的测量结果计算得出的。参与者被确定为不虚弱（无表型）、虚弱前（一种或两种表型）或虚弱（三种或更多表型）。将因子分析应用于 25 种已发表的衰弱测量的二元形式，测试了三种 Fried 衰弱表型之间的平均因子得分差异以及估计因子预测能力的 ROC 曲线。结果 656 名参与者（67% 为女性；平均年龄 59.9 岁，SD 10.6）中，59.2% 被分类为不虚弱，39.0% 为虚弱前期，1.8% 为虚弱。没有性别或年龄差异。确定了 7 个衰弱因素，纳入了所有 25 项衰弱措施。因素 1 和 7 显着预测从非虚弱到虚弱前的进展（因素 1 AUC 0.64（95%CI 0.60-0.68，综合动态躯干稳定性和下肢功能力量、平衡、足感、听力、瘦肌肉质量和低BMI；因素 7 AUC 0.55 (95% CI 0.52-0.59)，包括节制和营养，可显着预测从前衰弱到衰弱的进展（因素 3 AUC 0.65 (95% CI 0.59-0.70)），结合独居。 、睡眠质量、抑郁和焦虑以及肺功能；因子 4 AUC 0.60 (95%CI 0.54-0.66)，包括感知的运动消耗和跌倒史。 结论 这项研究确定了 40 多岁和 50 多岁人群的衰弱前和衰弱状态。身体系统性能的前衰弱可以通过一系列可变措施来检测，并且可以从生命的第四个十年开始采取干预措施来防止衰弱进展。