Plant height, mainly decided by main stem height, is the major agronomic trait and closely correlated to crop yield. A number of studies had been conducted on model plants and crops to understand the molecular and genetic basis of plant height. However, little is known on the molecular mechanisms of peanut main stem height. In this study, a semi-dwarf peanut mutant was identified from 60Co γ-ray induced mutant population and designated as semi-dwarf mutant 2 (sdm2). The height of sdm2 was only 59.3% of its wild line Fenghua 1 (FH1) at the mature stage. The sdm2 has less internode number and short internode length to compare with FH1. Gene expression profiles of stem and leaf from both sdm2 and FH1 were analyzed using high throughput RNA sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways, cell wall synthetic and metabolic pathways. BR, GA and IAA biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways were significantly enriched. The expression of several genes in BR biosynthesis and signaling were found to be significantly down-regulated in sdm2 as compared to FH1. Many transcription factors encoding genes were identified as DEGs. A large number of genes were found differentially expressed between sdm2 and FH1. These results provide useful information for uncovering the molecular mechanism regulating peanut stem height. It could facilitate identification of causal genes for breeding peanut varieties with semi-dwarf phenotype.

中文翻译：

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转录组分析提供了花生半矮突变体分子机制的见解

主要由主要茎高决定的株高是主要的农艺性状，与作物产量密切相关。已经对模型植物和农作物进行了大量研究，以了解植物高度的分子和遗传基础。但是，关于花生主茎高度的分子机制知之甚少。在这项研究中，从60Coγ射线诱导的突变群体中鉴定出半矮花生突变体，并将其命名为半矮突变体2（sdm2）。在成熟阶段，sdm2的高度仅为其野生系奉化1（FH1）的59.3％。与FH1相比，sdm2的节点间数量少，节点间长度短。使用高通量RNA测序分析了来自sdm2和FH1的茎和叶的基因表达谱。差异表达基因（DEGs）参与激素的生物合成和信号传导途径，细胞壁合成和代谢途径。BR，GA和IAA的生物合成和信号转导途径显着丰富。与FH1相比，发现sdm2中BR生物合成和信号传导中几个基因的表达明显下调。许多编码基因的转录因子被鉴定为DEG。发现大量基因在sdm2和FH1之间差异表达。这些结果为揭示调控花生茎高的分子机制提供了有用的信息。它可以帮助鉴定具有半矮表型的花生品种的因果基因。GA和IAA的生物合成和信号转导途径显着丰富。与FH1相比，发现sdm2中BR生物合成和信号传导中几个基因的表达明显下调。许多编码基因的转录因子被鉴定为DEG。发现大量基因在sdm2和FH1之间差异表达。这些结果为揭示调控花生茎高的分子机制提供了有用的信息。它可以帮助鉴定具有半矮表型的花生品种的因果基因。GA和IAA的生物合成和信号转导途径显着丰富。与FH1相比，发现sdm2中BR生物合成和信号传导中几个基因的表达明显下调。许多编码基因的转录因子被鉴定为DEG。发现大量基因在sdm2和FH1之间差异表达。这些结果为揭示调控花生茎高的分子机制提供了有用的信息。它可以帮助鉴定具有半矮表型的花生品种的因果基因。发现大量基因在sdm2和FH1之间差异表达。这些结果为揭示调控花生茎高的分子机制提供了有用的信息。它可以帮助鉴定具有半矮表型的花生品种的因果基因。发现大量基因在sdm2和FH1之间差异表达。这些结果为揭示调控花生茎高的分子机制提供了有用的信息。它可以帮助鉴定具有半矮表型的花生品种的因果基因。