Left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) has been detected in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) patients following optimal treatment. However, its prediction with only conventional modalities is often difficult. This study sought to examine whether RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of myocardium tissue samples could predict LVRR in NIDCM. A total of 17 advanced NIDCM patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below 30% who underwent cardiac biopsy from Left ventricle (LV) were prospectively recruited. They received optimal treatment and followed with echocardiogram every 6 months. Based on LVRR status after 12 months of treatment, patients were divided into the reverse remodeling (RR) or non-RR group. Tissue samples were analyzed by RNA-seq, and a functional analysis of differentially expressed genes was carried out. There were eight and nine patients in the RR and non-RR groups, respectively. No difference was found in age, sex, disease duration, LV end-diastolic diameter, and LVEF between the two groups. There were 155 genes that were differentially expressed between the two groups. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit (NDUF)S5 and Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein (GADD)45G, along with several genes related to the mitochondrial respiratory chain and ribosome, were significantly downregulated in the RR as compared to the non-RR group. GADD45G and NDUFS5 are potential biomarkers for LVRR in patients with advanced NIDCM.

中文翻译：

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RNA测序鉴定的新型心肌标志物GADD45G和NDUFS5预测晚期非缺血性心力衰竭的左心室反向重塑：一项回顾性队列研究

经过最佳治疗后，在非缺血性扩张型心肌病（NIDCM）患者中已检测到左心室逆重塑（LVRR）。但是，仅以常规方式进行预测通常很困难。这项研究试图检查心肌组织样品的RNA测序（RNA-seq）是否可以预测NIDCM中的LVRR。前瞻性招募了17例左心室射血分数（LVEF）低于30％的晚期NIDCM患者，这些患者接受了来自左心室（LV）的心脏活检。他们接受了最佳治疗，并每6个月进行超声心动图检查。根据治疗12个月后的LVRR状态，将患者分为反向重塑（RR）或非RR组。通过RNA-seq分析组织样品，并对差异表达的基因进行功能分析。RR组和非RR组分别有8例和9例。两组之间在年龄，性别，疾病持续时间，左室舒张末期直径和左室射血分数方面无差异。两组之间有155个差异表达的基因。烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸泛醌氧化还原酶亚基（NDUF）S5和生长停滞和DNA损伤诱导蛋白（GADD）45G，以及与线粒体呼吸链和核糖体相关的几个基因，与非RR相比，RR显着下调。 RR组。GADD45G和NDUFS5是晚期NIDCM患者LVRR的潜在生物标志物。两组之间有155个差异表达的基因。烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸泛醌氧化还原酶亚基（NDUF）S5和生长停滞和DNA损伤诱导蛋白（GADD）45G，以及与线粒体呼吸链和核糖体相关的几个基因，与非RR相比，RR显着下调。 RR组。GADD45G和NDUFS5是晚期NIDCM患者LVRR的潜在生物标志物。两组之间有155个差异表达的基因。烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸泛醌氧化还原酶亚基（NDUF）S5和生长停滞和DNA损伤诱导蛋白（GADD）45G，以及与线粒体呼吸链和核糖体相关的几个基因，与非RR相比，RR显着下调。 RR组。GADD45G和NDUFS5是晚期NIDCM患者LVRR的潜在生物标志物。