1. Visual information affects animal behaviour and fitness in diverse ways, but a lack of suitable methods to quantify visibility in three‐dimensional (3D) environments limits applications of the concept of visibility in ecological research.
2. The viewshed3d r package is dedicated to quantifying the visual environment from a single location or from a cumulation of viewpoints based on 3D point clouds acquired with terrestrial laser scanning. We present the entire workflow required to prepare the data and perform the visibility analyses in viewshed3d.
3. This approach can help unlock the potential contributions of viewshed analyses to the emerging subdiscipline of ‘viewshed ecology’.

中文翻译：

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viewshed3d：r包，用于使用地面激光雷达数据量化3D可见性

1. 视觉信息以多种方式影响动物的行为和适应性，但是缺乏在三维（3D）环境中量化可见性的合适方法，限制了可见性概念在生态研究中的应用。
2. 所述viewshed3d ř包专用于从单个位置或基于与地面激光扫描获得的3D点云视点的累积量化的视觉环境。我们介绍了准备数据并在viewshed3d中执行可见性分析所需的整个工作流程。
3. 这种方法可以帮助挖掘视域分析对新兴的“视域生态”子学科的潜在贡献。