Peripheral nerves provide a promising source of motor control signals for neuroprosthetic devices. Unfortunately, the clinical utility of current peripheral nerve interfaces is limited by signal amplitude and stability. Here, we showed that the regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) serves as a biologically stable bioamplifier of efferent motor action potentials with long-term stability in upper limb amputees. Ultrasound assessments of RPNIs revealed prominent contractions during phantom finger flexion, confirming functional reinnervation of the RPNIs in two patients. The RPNIs in two additional patients produced electromyography signals with large signal-to-noise ratios. Using these RPNI signals, subjects successfully controlled a hand prosthesis in real-time up to 300 days without control algorithm recalibration. RPNIs show potential in enhancing prosthesis control for people with upper limb loss.

周围神经为神经修复设备提供了一种有希望的运动控制信号源。不幸的是，当前周围神经接口的临床应用受到信号幅度和稳定性的限制。在这里，我们显示了再生性周围神经接口（RPNI）可作为上肢截肢者长期稳定的传出动作电位的生物稳定生物放大器。RPNI的超声评估显示幻影手指弯曲期间有明显的收缩，证实了两名患者中RPNI的功能性神经支配。另外两名患者的RPNI产生的肌电信号具有较大的信噪比。使用这些RPNI信号，受试者无需进行控制算法的重新校准就可以成功地实时控制手部假体长达300天。