Tumor cell plasticity exhibited as an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been identified as a major obstacle for the effective treatment of many cancers. This process, which involves the dedifferentiation of epithelial tumor cells towards a motile, metastatic, and mesenchymal tumor phenotype, mediates resistance to conventional therapies and small-molecule targeted therapies. In this review, we highlight current research correlating the role of tumor plasticity with resistance to current immunotherapy approaches and discuss future and ongoing combination immunotherapy strategies to reduce tumor cell plasticity-driven resistance in cancer.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤可塑性和对免疫疗法的抵抗力。

表现为上皮-间质转化（EMT）的肿瘤细胞可塑性被认为是有效治疗许多癌症的主要障碍。该过程涉及上皮肿瘤细胞向运动，转移和间充质肿瘤表型的去分化，介导对常规疗法和小分子靶向疗法的抗性。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了将肿瘤可塑性与对当前免疫治疗方法的耐药性相关的当前研究，并讨论了未来和正在进行的组合免疫治疗策略，以减少癌症中肿瘤细胞可塑性驱动的耐药性。