The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is regarded as a potential technology for large-scale and stationary electricity storage. Efficient operation of the VRFB to maximize the system efficiency and realize safe operation is necessary. In this work, an optimal operational strategy for improving the system efficiency is proposed. The optimization problem by minimizing the charging energy and maximizing the discharge energy under operational constraints during VRFB operation is formulated. In the proposed strategy, the electrolyte flow rate is determined and adjusted according to the variation in the active vanadium species during the charge–discharge process to ensure high system efficiency. Because operation of the VRFB under an electrolyte imbalance is considered, this new control strategy can extend the operating window in which VRFBs can operate with high discharge capacity and system efficiency.

钒氧化还原液流电池（VRFB）被认为是大规模和固定式蓄电的潜在技术。VRFB的高效运行以最大化系统效率并实现安全运行是必要的。在这项工作中，提出了一种用于提高系统效率的最佳操作策略。提出了在VRFB操作过程中在操作约束下使充电能量最小和放电能量最大的优化问题。在提出的策略中，根据充放电过程中活性钒物质的变化来确定和调整电解质的流速，以确保较高的系统效率。因为考虑了在电解质不平衡下VRFB的运行，