Thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy should be adequately managed and controlled to prevent maternal and fetal complications. The evaluation of thyroid function in pregnant women is challenged by the physiological adaptations associated with pregnancy, and the treatment with antithyroid drugs (ATD) raises concerns for the pregnant woman and the fetus. Thyrotoxicosis in pregnant women is mainly of autoimmune origin, and the measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone-receptor antibodies (TRAb) plays a key role. TRAb helps to distinguish the hyperthyroidism of Graves’ disease from gestational hyperthyroidism in early pregnancy, and to evaluate the risk of fetal and neonatal hyperthyroidism in late pregnancy. Furthermore, the measurement of TRAb in early pregnancy is recommended to evaluate the need for ATD during the teratogenic period of pregnancy. Observational studies have raised concern about the risk of birth defects associated with the use of ATD in early pregnancy and challenged the clinical management and choice of treatment.

怀孕期间的甲状腺毒症应得到适当控制，以防止产妇和胎儿并发症。孕妇甲状腺功能的评估受到与怀孕相关的生理适应的挑战，抗甲状腺药物（ATD）的治疗引起了孕妇和胎儿的关注。孕妇的甲状腺毒症主要来自自身免疫，甲状腺刺激性激素受体抗体（TRAb）的测定起关键作用。TRAb有助于区分Graves病的甲状腺功能亢进症与妊娠早期的甲状腺功能亢进症，并有助于评估妊娠晚期胎儿和新生儿甲状腺功能亢进症的风险。此外，建议在怀孕初期测量TRAb，以评估怀孕致畸期对ATD的需求。