Modern reconstructive and aesthetic surgery puts forward an ever expanding range of complex and competing biomedical, mechanical and handling requirements. These requirements could be satisfied through the creation of hierarchically structured tissue engineering objects, such as layered and hybrid materials. Collagen, hydroxyapatite (HAp) and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are biocompatible materials with a well-proven record of use in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Purposeful combination of processing techniques such as hot molding, sacrificial templating, infusion and freeze-casting allows creating multilayered hybrid patches. The patch has a low friction layer to replace cartilage of hip joints, and intermediate layers providing a gradual transition from polymer to natural bone tissue. We report a multistage fabrication route with the attendant characterization of the structure and properties using the following analytical techniques: Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements, biocompatibility and micromechanical bending tests.

现代的整形外科和美容外科提出了范围不断扩大的复杂而竞争的生物医学，机械和处理要求。通过创建分层结构的组织工程对象（例如分层和混合材料）可以满足这些要求。胶原蛋白，羟磷灰石（HAp）和超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）是生物相容性材料，在骨骼和软骨组织工程中的使用已得到广泛验证。加工技术（例如热成型，牺牲模板，灌注和冷冻浇铸）的有目的组合可以创建多层混合贴片。该贴剂具有低摩擦层来代替髋关节的软骨，中间层提供从聚合物到天然骨组织的逐渐过渡。