Abstract Plasma focus devices (PFD) produce copious flux of ions in particular hydrogen ions in 4π space. To achieve dense plasma pinch and then the emission of hydrogen ions at a voltage of 13 kV, experiments have been carried out at various gas pressures inside the chamber. Discharge current signals were recorded by Rogowski coil to choose only discharges with a high degree of current sheath symmetry and plasma pinch formation. Wide-angle 3D images of hydrogen ion emissions were efficiently formed for the first time in our laboratory on novel position-sensitive panorama mega-size cylindrical polycarbonate image detectors (MS-CPID) processed in self-invented panorama mega-size single-cell electrochemical etching (MS-ECE) systems. Hydrogen ion emission images are simply observed and analyzed by the unaided eyes. Near 4π wide-angle hydrogen ion image detection, iso-fluence contours, fluence on polar angle distributions, and hydrogen ion energy estimation were studied. MS-CPID/MS-ECE methods are breakthrough ion image detection art and technology for hydrogen ion plasma mechanism studies with provision of 4π position-sensitive data matrix bank. Studies confirm 4π hydrogen ion emission from “anode top” and radial ion run-aways from “anode assembly” forming “hydrogen cathode shadows” on MS-CPIDs making 4π PFD space availability evident for full-scope large-scale advanced hydrogen ion mechanism studies and applications.

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4π 等离子体聚焦装置空间中的氢离子发射研究

摘要 等离子体聚焦装置 (PFD) 在 4π 空间中产生大量离子通量，尤其是氢离子。为了在 13 kV 的电压下实现密集的等离子体夹点，然后发射氢离子，已经在腔室内的各种气体压力下进行了实验。放电电流信号由 Rogowski 线圈记录，以选择仅具有高度电流鞘对称性和等离子体收缩形成的放电。我们实验室首次在自主发明的全景超大尺寸单电池电化学处理的新型位置敏感全景超大尺寸圆柱形聚碳酸酯图像探测器 (MS-CPID) 上有效地形成了氢离子发射的广角 3D 图像蚀刻 (MS-ECE) 系统。氢离子发射图像可以通过肉眼简单地观察和分析。研究了近4π广角氢离子图像检测、等通量轮廓、对极角分布的通量和氢离子能量估计。MS-CPID/MS-ECE 方法是氢离子等离子体机理研究的突破性离子图像检测技术和技术，提供 4π 位置敏感数据矩阵库。研究证实来自“阳极顶部”的 4π 氢离子发射和来自“阳极组件”的径向离子逃逸在 MS-CPID 上形成“氢阴极阴影”，使得 4π PFD 空间可用性对于全范围大规模先进氢离子机制研究是显而易见的和应用。MS-CPID/MS-ECE 方法是氢离子等离子体机理研究的突破性离子图像检测技术和技术，提供 4π 位置敏感数据矩阵库。研究证实来自“阳极顶部”的 4π 氢离子发射和来自“阳极组件”的径向离子逃逸在 MS-CPID 上形成“氢阴极阴影”，使得 4π PFD 空间可用性对于全范围大规模先进氢离子机制研究是显而易见的和应用。MS-CPID/MS-ECE 方法是氢离子等离子体机理研究的突破性离子图像检测技术和技术，提供 4π 位置敏感数据矩阵库。研究证实来自“阳极顶部”的 4π 氢离子发射和来自“阳极组件”的径向离子逃逸在 MS-CPID 上形成“氢阴极阴影”，使得 4π PFD 空间可用性对于全范围大规模先进氢离子机制研究是显而易见的和应用。