Traditional methods for diabetes management require constant and tedious glucose monitoring (GM) and insulin injections, impacting quality of life. The global diabetic population is expected to increase to 439 million, with approximately US$490 billion in healthcare expenditures by 2030, imposing a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Recent advances in nanotechnology have emerged as promising alternative strategies for the management of diabetes. For example, implantable nanosensors are being developed for continuous GM, new nanoparticle (NP)-based imaging approaches that quantify subtle changes in β cell mass can facilitate early diagnosis, and nanotechnology-based insulin delivery methods are being explored as novel therapies. Here, we provide a holistic summary of this rapidly advancing field compiling all aspects pertaining to the management of diabetes.

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基于纳米医学的糖尿病策略：诊断、监测和治疗

传统的糖尿病管理方法需要持续而繁琐的血糖监测 (GM) 和胰岛素注射，这会影响生活质量。到 2030 年，全球糖尿病人口预计将增至 4.39 亿，医疗保健支出约为 4900 亿美元，给全球医疗保健系统带来重大负担。纳米技术的最新进展已成为治疗糖尿病的有前途的替代策略。例如，正在开发用于连续 GM 的可植入纳米传感器，量化 β 细胞质量细微变化的新的基于纳米颗粒 (NP) 的成像方法可以促进早期诊断，并且正在探索基于纳米技术的胰岛素输送方法作为新疗法。这里，