Proper water quality monitoring is a valuable tool for water resource management, helping to identify polluting sources and risks related to the use of water resources. One of the main types of contamination found in Brazilian water bodies is fecal contamination, which originates mainly from point source pollution through wastewater disposal. Thus, this study analyzed water quality monitoring data from the responsible environmental body (Minas Gerais Institute of Water Management, IGAM), related to the fecal contamination indicator (FCI), for the years 2000-2018. This was done for the Minas Gerais portion of the São Francisco River basin (SFRB-MG), one of the most important basins in the country. The 10 sub-basins in the area were compared using statistical tools. The work found significant differences between the sub-basins in terms of FCI concentration, highlighting the most impacted ones (SF2, SF3, and SF5) as also being the most densely populated. It is necessary to invest in sanitation measures in order to ensure that water resources are preserved, as well as to reduce the public health risks of downstream municipalities that are supplied with previously contaminated water.

中文翻译：

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粪便污染对巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州圣弗朗西斯科河水文盆地的地表水水质的影响。

适当的水质监测是水资源管理的宝贵工具，有助于识别污染源和与水资源利用有关的风险。粪便污染是巴西水域发现的主要污染类型之一，粪便污染主要来自废水处理过程中的点源污染。因此，本研究分析了2000-2018年间来自负责环境机构（米纳斯吉拉斯州水管理学院，IGAM）的水质监测数据，该数据与粪便污染指标（FCI）有关。这项工作是针对圣弗朗西斯科河流域（SFRB-MG）的米纳斯吉拉斯州（Minas Gerais）地区进行的，该地区是该国最重要的流域之一。使用统计工具比较了该地区的10个子流域。这项工作发现子盆地之间的FCI浓度存在显着差异，突出显示了受影响最严重的地区（SF2，SF3和SF5），也是人口最稠密的地区。有必要对卫生措施进行投资，以确保保留水资源，并减少被先前污染水供应的下游城市的公共健康风险。