Hospitals' effluents contain a considerable amount of chemicals. Considering the significant volume of wastewater discharged by hospitals, the presence of these chemicals represents a real threat to the environment and human health. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro genotoxicities of three wastewater effluents collected from Tunisian hospitals. The liver of Swiss albino male mice, previously treated with different doses of the hospital wastewaters, was used as a model to detect DNA fragmentation. Our results showed all the hospital effluents caused significant qualitative and quantitative hazards in hepatic DNA. The wastewater collected from Sfax hospital exhibited the highest genotoxic effect, which may be explained by the presence in this effluent of some toxic micropolluants. There was a significant increase in genotoxicity, proportionally to the concentration of effluent. However, the vitotox assay did not show any significant genotoxicity on Salmonella typhimurium TA104 in the presence or absence of microsomal fraction S9. The ratio gentox/cytox was lower than the threshold 1.5. This study assessed the toxicological risk issued from Tunisian hospital wastewaters, which is potentially very harmful, and it has been pointed out that wastewater treatment requires special attention.

中文翻译：

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监测医院废水的可能的遗传毒性。

医院的废水中含有大量化学物质。考虑到医院排放的废水量很大，这些化学物质的存在对环境和人类健康构成了真正的威胁。因此，本研究的目的是评估从突尼斯医院收集的三种废水的体内和体外遗传毒性。瑞士白化病雄性小鼠的肝脏先前已用不同剂量的医院废水处理过，被用作检测DNA片段化的模型。我们的结果表明，所有医院污水均对肝脏DNA造成了重大的定性和定量危害。从斯法克斯医院收集的废水表现出最高的遗传毒性作用，这可能是由于该废水中存在一些有毒的微污染物所致。遗传毒性显着增加，与污水浓度成正比。但是，在存在或不存在微粒体级分S9的情况下，vitotox分析对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA104均未显示任何明显的遗传毒性。gentox / cytox比值低于阈值1.5。这项研究评估了突尼斯医院废水所产生的毒理学风险，该风险可能非常有害，并且已指出废水处理需要特别注意。