Tanzania has recently adapted World Health Organization antiretroviral guidelines that include integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) in the first-line regimen. However, there is lack of evidence on integrase (IN) gene polymorphisms in viral strains circulating in Tanzania. In this study, we characterize IN gene polymorphisms in viral strains circulating in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, before introduction of INSTIs. Plasma viral RNAs were prepared from 158 HIV-1-infected subjects, including 111 treated, but viremic (INSTI-naïve), subjects. A part of the pol gene encompassing the IN-coding region was amplified and directly sequenced by the Sanger sequencing method. Subtype analysis revealed that subtypes A1, C, and D and intersubtype recombinants were 42%, 38%, 11%, and 9%, respectively. Although multiple subtypes cocirculate, the IN gene exhibited a relatively conserved amino acid sequence pattern with an average Shannon entropy score of 0.16. No major INSTI resistance mutations were found; however, accessory resistance mutations at positions T97A, E157Q, G163E/K, and 128A/T were detected in 5% of subjects.

中文翻译：

---

坦桑尼亚正在传播的HIV-1整合酶基因型：对基于整合酶抑制剂的抗逆转录病毒疗法的介绍。

坦桑尼亚最近修改了世界卫生组织的抗逆转录病毒指南，在一线方案中包括整合酶链转移抑制剂（INSTI）。但是，缺乏在坦桑尼亚流行的病毒株中整合酶（IN）基因多态性的证据。在这项研究中，我们介绍了在引入INSTIs之前在坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆传播的病毒株中的IN基因多态性。从158名感染HIV-1的受试者中制备血浆病毒RNA，其中包括111名经治疗但有病毒血症（无初天感染）的受试者。警察的一部分扩增包含IN编码区的基因并通过Sanger测序法直接测序。亚型分析显示，亚型A1，C和D以及亚型间重组体分别为42％，38％，11％和9％。尽管多种亚型共存，但IN基因表现出相对保守的氨基酸序列模式，平均Shannon熵得分为0.16。没有发现主要的INSTI抗性突变。但是，在5％的受试者中检测到了T97A，E157Q，G163E / K和128A / T处的辅助抗性突变。