AIMS To analyze early-pregnancy oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results and differences between early- and late-pregnancy OGTT results in a population-based cohort. METHODS From 3/2013 to 12/2016, pregnant women in South Karelia, Finland, were invited to undergo a 2-hour 75 g OGTT at 12-16 weeks' gestation (OGTT1) and, if normal, repeat testing at 24-28 weeks (OGTT2). Early and late gestational diabetes (GDM) were diagnosed using the same nationally endorsed criteria (fasting [FPG], 1- or 2-hour plasma glucose ≥5.3, ≥10.0 or ≥8.6 mmol/L, respectively). RESULTS In OGTT1 (n = 1401), the mean (SD) FPG, 1- and 2-hour values were 4.85 (0.34), 6.63 (1.73) and 5.60 (1.28) mmol/L, respectively. Early GDM was diagnosed in 209 (14.9%). In OGTT2 (n = 1067), late GDM was diagnosed in 114 (10.6%). In women without GDM (n = 953), the mean FPG values were higher and post-load values lower in OGTT1 vs. OGTT2. No interaction effects of gestational timepoint and maternal BMI on OGTT results were detected, except for the 2-hour value. In women with late GDM, both mean FPG and post-load values were lower in OGTT1 vs. OGTT2. Results were similar employing the IADPSG GDM criteria. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that gestational-age specific OGTT thresholds for early GDM diagnosis need to be generated.

中文翻译：

---

妊娠早期口服葡萄糖耐量测试的结果：一项基于芬兰人群的队列研究。

目的分析以人群为基础的队列中的妊娠早期口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）结果以及妊娠早期和晚期妊娠OGTT结果之间的差异。方法从2013年3月3日至2016年12月，邀请芬兰南卡累利阿的孕妇在妊娠12-16周（OGTT1）进行2小时75 g OGTT，如果正常，则在24-28进行重复检测周（OGTT2）。早孕和晚期妊娠糖尿病（GDM）使用相同的国家认可标准（空腹[FPG]，1或2小时血浆葡萄糖≥5.3，≥10.0或≥8.6mmol / L）进行诊断。结果OGTT1（n = 1401）的平均（SD）FPG，1小时和2小时值分别为4.85（0.34），6.63（1.73）和5.60（1.28）mmol / L。209例被诊断为早期GDM（14.9％）。在OGTT2（n = 1067）中，有114位（10.6％）被诊断为晚期GDM。在没有GDM的女性中（n = 953），OGTT1和OGTT2的平均FPG值较高，而后负荷值较低。除2小时值外，未检测到妊娠时间点和孕妇BMI对OGTT结果的相互作用。对于晚期GDM的女性，OGTT1的平均FPG和负荷后值均低于OGTT2。使用IADPSG GDM标准得出的结果相似。结论我们的研究结果表明，需要为早期GDM诊断制定特定于胎龄的OGTT阈值。