Current models of addiction biology highlight altered neural responses to non-drug rewards as a central feature of addiction. However, given that drugs of abuse can directly impact reward-related dopamine circuitry, it is difficult to determine the extent to which reward processing alterations are a trait feature of individuals with addictions, or primarily a consequence of exogenous drug exposure. Examining individuals with behavioral addictions is one promising approach for disentangling neural features of addiction from the direct effects of substance exposure. The current fMRI study compared neural responses during monetary reward processing between drug naïve young adults with a behavioral addiction, internet gaming disorder (IGD; n = 22), and healthy controls (n = 27) using a monetary incentive delay task. Relative to controls, individuals with IGD exhibited blunted caudate activity associated with loss magnitude at the outcome stage, but did not differ from controls in neural activity at other stages. These findings suggest that decreased loss sensitivity might be a critical feature of IGD, whereas alterations in gain processing may be less characteristic of individuals with IGD, relative to those with substance use disorders. Therefore, classic theories of altered reward processing in substance use disorders should be translated to behavioral addictions with caution.

中文翻译：

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行为上瘾的未吸毒青年会改变金钱奖励的过程吗？来自网络游戏障碍的发现。

当前的成瘾生物学模型强调了对非药物奖励的神经反应改变是成瘾的主要特征。但是，鉴于滥用药物会直接影响与奖励有关的多巴胺回路，因此很难确定奖励过程的改变在多大程度上是成瘾个体的特征特征，或者主要是外源性药物暴露的结果。检查行为上瘾的人是一种使成瘾的神经特征与物质暴露的直接作用脱钩的有前途的方法。当前的fMRI研究比较了使用金钱诱因延迟任务的有行为成瘾，网络游戏障碍（IGD； n = 22）和药物不良行为的纯稚年轻成年人之间在金钱奖励处理过程中的神经反应。相对于控件，患有IGD的个体在结局阶段表现出钝尾状尾神经活动，与损失量相关，但在其他阶段与神经活动对照无差异。这些发现表明，降低的损失敏感性可能是IGD的关键特征，而相对于患有药物滥用疾病的人，IGD个体的增益过程改变可能不那么具有特征。因此，在药物滥用中改变奖励过程的经典理论应谨慎地转化为行为成瘾。然而，相对于患有药物滥用疾病的人，IGD患者的增益过程改变可能不那么具有特征。因此，在药物滥用中改变奖励过程的经典理论应谨慎地转化为行为成瘾。然而，相对于患有药物滥用疾病的人，IGD患者的增益过程改变可能不那么具有特征。因此，在药物滥用中改变奖励过程的经典理论应谨慎地转化为行为成瘾。