Trypanosoma cruzi infection triggers an intense production of pro-inflammatory cytokines mediated by T helper 1 lymphocytes, inducing the anti-inflammatory reflex of acetylcholine (ACh). The ACh concentration modulation is associated to the two major esterases, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). AChE H353N protein polymorphism is related to low Chagas chronic disease prognostic. In order to evaluate the correlation of plasmatic BuChE concentration and the presence of AChE H353N polymorphism in Chagas disease patients and healthy individuals, we studied two groups of individuals, one of 61 Chagas disease patients and another of 74 healthy individuals. Plasma concentration of BuChE was measured by the chemiluminescent method and AChE H353N polymorphism was investigated by PCR-RFLP and sequencing of the respective encoding AChE gene fragment. The BuChE concentration was statistically higher in Chagas disease patients, with no AChE genotype significant influence. AChE genotypes YT*A/YT*A, YT*A/YT*B and YT*B/YT*B, respectively, were expressed in 53 (86.88%), 7 (11.46%) and one (1.64%) chagasic patients, and in 68 (91.89%), 6 (8.10%) and none healthy individuals. BuChE activity may represent an important marker for chronic Chagas disease inflammatory process and prognostic. Lower BuChE concentration correlated with AChE YT*B allele, although without statistical power.

克氏锥虫感染会触发T辅助1淋巴细胞介导的促炎性细胞因子的大量产生，从而诱导乙酰胆碱（ACh）的抗炎反射。ACh浓度调节与两种主要的酯酶，乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BuChE）有关。AChE H353N蛋白多态性与低南美锥虫慢性病的预后有关。为了评估查加斯病患者和健康个体的血浆BuChE浓度与AChE H353N多态性之间的相关性，我们研究了两组个体，其中61名恰加斯病患者和74名健康个体。通过化学发光法测量BuChE的血浆浓度，并通过PCR-RFLP研究AChE H353N多态性，并对各自编码的AChE基因片段进行测序。恰加斯病患者中BuChE浓度在统计学上较高，没有AChE基因型显着影响。AChE基因型分别为YT * A / YT * A，YT * A / YT * B和YT * B / YT * B，分别在53例（86.88％），7例（11.46％）和1例（1.64％）患者中表达，在68位（91.89％），6位（8.10％）的人中，没有健康的人。BuChE活性可能代表了慢性恰加斯病的炎症过程和预后的重要标志。较低的BuChE浓度与AChE YT * B等位基因相关，尽管无统计学意义。AChE基因型分别为YT * A / YT * A，YT * A / YT * B和YT * B / YT * B，分别在53例（86.88％），7例（11.46％）和1例（1.64％）患者中表达，在68位（91.89％），6位（8.10％）的人中，没有健康的人。BuChE活性可能代表了慢性恰加斯病的炎症过程和预后的重要标志。较低的BuChE浓度与AChE YT * B等位基因相关，尽管无统计学意义。AChE基因型分别为YT * A / YT * A，YT * A / YT * B和YT * B / YT * B，分别在53例（86.88％），7例（11.46％）和1例（1.64％）患者中表达，在68位（91.89％），6位（8.10％）的人中，没有健康的人。BuChE活性可能代表了慢性恰加斯病的炎症过程和预后的重要标志。较低的BuChE浓度与AChE YT * B等位基因相关，尽管无统计学意义。